You have a patient with prostate cancer. Cancer causes blood vessels to weaken and burst. The patient has a dangerously low Hematocrit and needs a blood transfusion. When you test his blood for type, here are the results: Anti-A- agglutination, Anti-B- agglutination, Anti-Rh- no reaction. 1. List all blood types he can receive.
The Case:
You have a patient with prostate cancer. Cancer causes blood vessels to weaken and burst. The patient has a dangerously low Hematocrit and needs a blood transfusion. When you test his blood for type, here are the results: Anti-A- agglutination, Anti-B- agglutination, Anti-Rh- no reaction.
1. List all blood types he can receive.
When you enthusiastically suggest that blood transfusions will help him, he protests that his religious beliefs disallow him from accepting transfusions. You will need to find a way to help his own body both retain the blood he has and make new blood.
2. Based only on what we've learned so far re: blood and endocrine, come up with hypotheses about how you could do each.
3. Propose a mechanism of how EPO might work: what cells might it target, would it enter them, and what sorts of proteins might it activate? (This question references endocrine: how hormones work, and why it matters if they are water-soluble or fat-soluble)
4. There is a drug called aminocaproic acid that prevents fibrinolysis. Why would this help? Propose a mechanism for how it might work. (this question references blood clotting events)
5. Where is EPO made?
6. EPO secretion increases when blood O2 levels decline. Do you think the patient's own production of EPO is higher or lower than normal, given his blood loss? Explain. (Think about this in terms of feedback regulation)
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