You are working in a lab and want to assess ETC activity in response to various compounds. To do this, you isolate mitochondria and measure oxygen consumption before and after the addition of those compounds. In this experiment, the isolated mitochondria have a basal level of oxygen consumption and they have plenty of ADP and Pi. Match the following treatments with the outcomes:- Glucose- Fuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitor- Fuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitor with succinate- Fuel for ETC function AND an uncoupler- Fuel for ETC function AND an ATP synthase inhibitor AND an uncoupler- ATP synthase inhibitor AND succinate- ATP synthase inhibitor AND succinate AND an uncoupler- ATP synthase inhibitor AND an uncouplerOutcomes:1) No effect on oxygen consumption.2) Decrease in oxygen consumption.3) Increase in oxygen consumption.

The electron transport chain is made up of four protein complexes that combine redox processes to produce an electrochemical gradient, which initiates the process known as oxidative phosphorylation and produces ATP. It takes place in the mitochondria during both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.Glucose - When glucose is used then it will have no effect on oxygen consumption because glucose is not metabolised in the mitochondria. In the normal cell, glucose is supposed to be converted to pyruvate then pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA which then enters the mitochondria and then enters the Kreb cycle, then ETC is performed. Fuel for ETC function and ATP synthase inhibitor - ATP synthase is required for the production of ATP. Oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in the ETC chain. ATP synthase inhibitors are known to help in increasing the rate of oxygen consumption in the mitochondrial matrix, they do this by preventing the backflow of hydrogen ions. Fuel for ETC function and an ATP synthase inhibitor with succinate - succinate is the intermediate of the TCA cycle and it can directly enter the ETC. By catalysing the conversion of succinate to fumarate in the mitochondrial Krebs cycle and moving electrons from succinate to ubiquinone in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) performs two functions in respiration. It enters the second complex position. Succinate dehydrogenase, convert succinate to fumarate and create FADH2, which can enter the Kreb cycle and hence, result in an increase in oxygen consumption. ATP inhibitor also increases oxygen consumption. Fuel for ETC function and uncoupled - Uncoupler are molecules or proteins that without influencing the respiratory chain or ATP synthase (H(+)-ATPase), uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria prevent the coupling between the electron transport and phosphorylation processes, which in turn prevents the creation of ATP. hence, they uncouple both oxygen consumption from ATP production, thereby raising Oxygen consumption to a maximal value.Fuel for ETC function and an ATP synthase inhibitor AND and uncoupled - In this case, oxygen consumption increases because ATP synthase inhibitor and uncoupled increase the rate of oxygen consumption.ATP synthase inhibitor and succinate - Increase in oxygen consumption because even though the fuel to drive ETC is not present(This fuel can be an appropriate substrate like NADH and FADH), we know that succinate can provide FADH but still the overall rate of oxygen consumption is increased as compared to basal oxygen consumption. ATP synthase inhibitor and succinate and an uncoupled - Increase in oxygen consumption because even though the fuel to drive ETC is not present(This fuel can be an appropriate substrate like NADH and FADH), we know that succinate can provide FADH but still the overall rate of oxygen consumption is increased as compared to basal oxygen consumption. ATP synthase inhibitor and an uncoupled - The rate of oxygen consumption decreases because ATP is not synthesised and H+ ions concentration is increased this will leads to stop in the ATP synthase, besides normal fuel for ETC are absent. Glucose - No effect on oxygen consumptionFuel for ETC function and ATP synthase inhibitor - Increase in oxygen consumptionFuel for ETC function and an ATP synthase inhibitor with succinate - Increase in oxygen consumption.Fuel for ETC function and uncoupled - Increase in oxygen consumptionFuel for ETC function and an ATP synthase inhibitor AND and uncoupled - Increase in oxygen consumption.ATP synthase inhibitor and succinate - Increase in oxygen consumption ATP synthase inhibitor and succinate and an uncoupled - Increase in oxygen consumption.ATP synthase inhibitor and an uncoupled - Decrease in oxygen consumption