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- 40. The first excited state of the harmonic oscillator has a wave function of the form y(x) = Axe-ax². (a) Follow theA potential function is shown in the following with incident particles coming from -0 with a total energy E>V2. The constants k are defined as k₁ = 2mE h? h? k₂ = √√2m (E - V₁) h² k3 = √√2m (E - V₂) Assume a special case for which k₂a = 2nπ, n = 1, 2, 3,.... Derive the expression, in terms of the constants, k₁, k2, and k3, for the transmission coefficient. The transmis- sion coefficient is defined as the ratio of the flux of particles in region III to the inci- dent flux in region I. Incident particles E>V₂ I V₁ II V2 III x = 0 x = aplease answer c) only 2. a) A spinless particle, mass m, is confined to a two-dimensional box of length L. The stationary Schrödinger equation is - +a) v(x, y) = Ev(x, y), for 0 < r, y < L. The bound- ary conditions on ý are that it vanishes at the edges of the box. Verify that solutions are given by 2 v(1, y) sin L where n., ny = 1,2..., and find the corresponding energy. Let L and m be such that h'n?/(2mL²) = 1 eV. How many states of the system have energies between 9 eV and 24 eV? b) We now consider a macroscopic box (L of order cm) so that h'n?/(2mL?) ~ 10-20 eV. If we define the wave vector k as ("", ""), show that the density of states g(k), defined such that the number of states with |k| between k and k +dk is given by g(k)dk, is Ak 9(k) = 27 c) Use the expression for g(k) to show that at room temperature the partition function for the translational energy of a particle in a macroscopic 2-dimensional box is Z1 = Aoq, where 2/3 oq = ng = mk„T/2nh?. Hence show that the average…
- A qubit is in state |) = o|0) +₁|1) at time t = 0. It then evolves according to the Schrödinger equation with the Hamiltonian Ĥ defined by its action on the basis vectors: Ĥ0) = 0|0) and Ĥ|1) = E|1), where E is a constant with units of energy. a) Solve for the state of the qubit at time t. b) Find the probability to observe the qubit in state 0 at time t. Explain the result by referring to the way that the time-evolution transforms the Bloch sphere.2. Consider a particle of mass m in an infinite square well, 0(≤ x ≤a). At the time t = 0 the particle is in the ground (n = 1). Then at t> 0 a weak time-dependent external potential is turned on: H' = Axe T9. Confirm that the angular momentum operator is hermitian. This is done by showing that: f*Audr = [vÂ**dr