Answered: Write the application and importance of…

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SRQ

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Question

Write the application and importance of antibodies? Please answer at your own words.

Expert Solution

Step 1

Application of antibodies:

Antibodies bind to antigens, labelling them as a target for other defence cells such as cytotoxic T cells and macrophages .They bind to bacterial toxin, neutralizing them and they activate complementary system.

There are five main types of antibody, these are:

Immunoglobulin A(IgA)
Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Immunoglobulin M (IgM)

Applications:

Biomedical research: In biomedical research the high specificity and sensitivity of antibody has been applied.
Western blot:Western blot is a laboratory method used to detect the specific protein among the mixture of protein. In this method the protein are electrophoretically rated and then transfer to a blotting paper, is exposed to labelled antibodies to detect the protein.
Immunohistochemistry: It is the most common application of immunostating. A laboratory method that uses antibodies to check for certain antigens (markers) in a sample of tissue sections by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.. The antibodies are usually linked to an enzyme or a fluorescent dye.
Immunoassay : It is a biochemical test in which antibodies or antigen is used to measure the presence of concentration of macromolecular small molecule in a solution
Immunoprecipitation : It is the technique that is used to isolate and concentrate a particular protein out of a sample containing many different types of protein .In this technique the labelled Protein antigen is precipitated out of aqueous solution using an antibody that specifically bind to the particular protein.
Flow cytometry: In this method the antibodies are widely used, It is used to intracellular analysis means quantitative and qualitative measurement of physical and chemical properties of cells in a heterogeneous population.
ELISA: ELISA means Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. It is a commonly used Laboratory test to detect any types of antibodies in your blood.