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Write out the 3-step arrow pushing mechanism showing how methyl2,2-dimethylpropanoateis hydrolyzed in the presence of 1 mole equivalent NaOH to form sodium 2,2-dimethylpropanoate and methanol.

Write out the 3-step arrow pushing mechanism showing how methyl2,2-dimethylpropanoateis hydrolyzed in the presence of 1 mole equivalent NaOH to form sodium 2,2-dimethylpropanoate and methanol.

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Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Write out the 3-step arrow pushing mechanism showing how methyl2,2-dimethylpropanoateis hydrolyzed in the presence of 1 mole equivalent NaOH to form sodium 2,2-dimethylpropanoate and methanol.

### Transcription of Chemical Reaction Image: This is an example of a saponification reaction, which is a type of chemical reaction that involves the hydrolysis of an ester under basic conditions. The reaction can be described as follows: **Reactants:** - A molecule with two methyl groups attached to a central carbon that is double-bonded to an oxygen atom (i.e., tert-butyl acetate). - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). **Reaction Conditions:** - Water (H₂O) is added. - The reaction is conducted with heat. **Products:** - A molecule with two methyl groups attached to a central carbon, which is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to an oxygen with a negative charge (i.e., sodium tert-butoxide). - Methanol (HOCH₃). **Reaction Diagram Description:** - On the left side of the arrow (representing the reactants), there is a structural formula of tert-butyl acetate. This molecule has three lines (representing the bonds of the central carbon) each connected to a methyl group (CH₃), a line illustrating a double bond to an oxygen atom, and a single bond to an oxygen atom which in turn is bonded to a single carbon atom (methyl group). - Plus sign indicating the addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). - An arrow pointing to the right, with "H₂O" above the arrow and "heat" below the arrow, symbolizing the reaction conditions. - On the right side of the arrow (indicating the products), there’s a structural formula of sodium tert-butoxide, similar to the reactant, but bonded to an oxygen atom with a Na⁺ ion. - A plus sign indicating the addition of methanol (HOCH₃). This reaction showcases the process where an ester reacts with a base to form an alcohol and a salt of the acid. It is a classical reaction mechanism observed in organic chemistry, useful in industries like soap manufacturing.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription of Chemical Reaction Image: This is an example of a saponification reaction, which is a type of chemical reaction that involves the hydrolysis of an ester under basic conditions. The reaction can be described as follows: **Reactants:** - A molecule with two methyl groups attached to a central carbon that is double-bonded to an oxygen atom (i.e., tert-butyl acetate). - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). **Reaction Conditions:** - Water (H₂O) is added. - The reaction is conducted with heat. **Products:** - A molecule with two methyl groups attached to a central carbon, which is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to an oxygen with a negative charge (i.e., sodium tert-butoxide). - Methanol (HOCH₃). **Reaction Diagram Description:** - On the left side of the arrow (representing the reactants), there is a structural formula of tert-butyl acetate. This molecule has three lines (representing the bonds of the central carbon) each connected to a methyl group (CH₃), a line illustrating a double bond to an oxygen atom, and a single bond to an oxygen atom which in turn is bonded to a single carbon atom (methyl group). - Plus sign indicating the addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). - An arrow pointing to the right, with "H₂O" above the arrow and "heat" below the arrow, symbolizing the reaction conditions. - On the right side of the arrow (indicating the products), there’s a structural formula of sodium tert-butoxide, similar to the reactant, but bonded to an oxygen atom with a Na⁺ ion. - A plus sign indicating the addition of methanol (HOCH₃). This reaction showcases the process where an ester reacts with a base to form an alcohol and a salt of the acid. It is a classical reaction mechanism observed in organic chemistry, useful in industries like soap manufacturing.
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