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Write and simplify the closed-system energy balance for each of the following processes, and state whether nonzero heat and work terms are positive or negative. Begin by defining the system. (a) A tray filled with water at 20°C is put into a freezer. The water turns into ice at 5°C. (Note: When a substance expands, it does work on its surroundings and when it contracts the surroundings do work on it.)  (b) A chemical reaction takes place in a closed adiabatic (perfectly insulated) rigid container. (c) Repeat Part (b), only suppose that the reactor is isothermal rather than adiabatic and that when the reaction was carried out adiabatically, the temperature in the reactor increased

Write and simplify the closed-system energy balance for each of the following processes, and state whether nonzero heat and work terms are positive or negative. Begin by defining the system. (a) A tray filled with water at 20°C is put into a freezer. The water turns into ice at 5°C. (Note: When a substance expands, it does work on its surroundings and when it contracts the surroundings do work on it.)  (b) A chemical reaction takes place in a closed adiabatic (perfectly insulated) rigid container. (c) Repeat Part (b), only suppose that the reactor is isothermal rather than adiabatic and that when the reaction was carried out adiabatically, the temperature in the reactor increased

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Write and simplify the closed-system energy balance for each of the following processes, and state whether nonzero heat and work terms are positive or negative. Begin by defining the system. (a) A tray filled with water at 20°C is put into a freezer. The water turns into ice at 5°C. (Note: When a substance expands, it does work on its surroundings and when it contracts the surroundings do work on it.)  (b) A chemical reaction takes place in a closed adiabatic (perfectly insulated) rigid container. (c) Repeat Part (b), only suppose that the reactor is isothermal rather than adiabatic and that when the reaction was carried out adiabatically, the temperature in the reactor increased

 

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