WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS A human pancreaticcell obtains O2—and necessary molecules such as glucose, aminoacids, and cholesterol—from its environment, and it releasesCO2 as a waste product. In response to hormonal signals, the cellsecretes digestive enzymes. It also regulates its ion concentrationsby exchange with its environment. Based on what you have justlearned about the structure and function of cellular membranes,write a short essay (100–150 words) to describe how such a cellaccomplishes these interactions with its environment.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.