Write a GUI-based program that plays a guess-the-number game in which the roles of the computer and the user are the reverse of what they are in the Case Study of this chapter. In this version of the game, the computer guesses a number between 1 (lowerBound) and 100 (upperBound) and the user provides the responses.The window should display the computer’s guesses with a label.The user enters a hint in response, by selecting one of a set of command buttons labeled Too small, Too large, and Correct.When the game is over, you should disable these buttons and wait for the user to click New game, as before.Be sure to use the field names provided in the comments in your starter code. import randomfrom breezypythongui import EasyFrameclass GuessingGame (EasyFrame):"""Plays a guessing game with the user."""def _init_(self):EasyFrame._init_(self, title = "Guessing Game")self.lowerBound = 1self.upperBound - 100self.count = 0self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2guess = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"self.myLabel = self.addLabel(text = guess, row = 0, column = 0, sticky = "NSEW", columnspan = 4)self.small = self.addButton (text = "Too small", row = 1, column = 0, command = self.golarge)self.large = self.addButton (text = "Too large", row = 1, column = 1, command = self.goSmall)self.correct = self.addButton(text = "Correct", row = 1, column = 2, command = self.goCorrect)self.newGame self.addButton(text = "New Game", row = 1, column = 3, command = self.goNewGame)def golarge(self):self.count += 1self.lowerBound = self.myNumber + 1self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?";def goSmall(self):self.count +- 1self.upperBound = self.myNumber - 1self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?";def goCorrect(self):self.large["state"] = "disabled"# disables the 'Too small' buttonself.small["state"] = "disabled"# disables the 'Correct' buttonself.correct["state"] = "disabled"def goNewGame(self):self.large["state"] = "normal"self.small["state"] = "normal"self.correct["state"] = "normal"self.lowerBound = 1self.upperBound - 100self.count - 0self.myNumber (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"def main():"*"Instantiate and pop up the window."""GuessingGame ().mainloop()if== "_main_":namewhile True:main()

ANSWER:-PYTHON CODE: """ File: guesswithgui.py Project 8.5 The computer guesses a number and the user provides the hints. """ # imports the random module import random # imports the breezypythongui module from breezypythongui import EasyFrame class GuessingGame(EasyFrame): """Plays a guessing game with the user.""" def __init__(self): """Sets up the window,widgets and data.""" EasyFrame.__init__(self, title = "Guessing Game") # sets the lowerBound value self.lowerBound = 1; # sets the upperBound value self.upperBound = 100; # sets the count value self.count = 0; # computes the inital value of myNumber self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2; # Initial guess value is stored as a string guess = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"; # adds the guess string to a label self.myLabel = self.addLabel(text = guess, row = 0, column = 0, sticky = "NSEW", columnspan = 4); # adds a button 'Too small'. On button-click goLarge() is called self.small = self.addButton(text = "Too small", row = 1, column = 0, command = self.goLarge); # adds a button 'Too Large'. On button-click goSmall() is called self.large = self.addButton(text = "Too large", row = 1, column = 1, command = self.goSmall); # adds a button 'Correct'. On button-click goCorrect() is called self.correct = self.addButton(text = "Correct", row = 1, column = 2, command = self.goCorrect); # adds a button 'New Game'. On button-click goNewGame() is called self.newGame = self.addButton(text = "New Game", row = 1, column = 3, command = self.goNewGame); # goLarge() def goLarge(self): # sets the count value self.count += 1; # changes the lowerbound value self.lowerBound = self.myNumber + 1; # updates the myNumber value with the updated lowerBound value self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2; # changes the string in myLabel self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"; # goSmall() def goSmall(self): # sets the count value self.count += 1; # changes the upperbound value self.upperBound = self.myNumber - 1; # updates the myNumber value with the updated upperBound value self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2; # changes the string in myLabel self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"; # goCorrect() def goCorrect(self): # disables the 'Too large' button self.large["state"] = "disabled"; # disables the 'Too small' button self.small["state"] = "disabled"; # disables the 'Correct' button self.correct["state"] = "disabled"; # goNewGame() def goNewGame(self): # enables the 'Too large' button self.large["state"] = "normal"; # enables the 'Too small' button self.small["state"] = "normal"; # enables the 'Correct' button self.correct["state"] = "normal"; # sets the initial value of lowerBound self.lowerBound = 1; # sets the initial value of upperBound self.upperBound = 100; # sets the initial value of count self.count = 0; # computes the inital value of myNumber self.myNumber = (self.lowerBound + self.upperBound) // 2; # value in myLabel is changed self.myLabel["text"] = "Is the number " + str(self.myNumber) + "?"; # creates an object of class GuessingGame g1 = GuessingGame(); breezypythongui.py """ File: breezypythongui.py Version: 1.0 Copyright 2012 by Ken Lambert Resources for easy Python GUIs. LICENSE: This is open-source software released under the terms of the GPL (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html). Its capabilities mirror those of BreezyGUI and BreezySwing, open-source frameworks for writing GUIs in Java, written by Ken Lambert and Martin Osborne. PLATFORMS: The package is a wrapper around tkinter (Python 3.X) and should run on any platform where tkinter is available. INSTALLATION: Put this file where Python can see it. """ import tkinter import tkinter.simpledialog N = tkinter.N S = tkinter.S E = tkinter.E W = tkinter.W CENTER = tkinter.CENTER END = tkinter.END NORMAL = tkinter.NORMAL DISABLED = tkinter.DISABLED NONE = tkinter.NONE WORD = tkinter.WORD VERTICAL = tkinter.VERTICAL HORIZONTAL = tkinter.HORIZONTAL RAISED = tkinter.RAISED SINGLE = tkinter.SINGLE ACTIVE = tkinter.ACTIVE class EasyFrame(tkinter.Frame): """Represents an application window.""" def __init__(self, title = "", width = None, height = None, background = "white", resizable = True): """Will shrink wrap the window around the widgets if width and height are not provided.""" tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, borderwidth = 4, relief = "sunken") if width and height: self.setSize(width, height) self.master.title(title) self.grid() # Expand the frame within the window self.master.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) self.master.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) self.grid(sticky = N+S+E+W) # Set the background color and resizability self.setBackground(background) self.setResizable(resizable) def setBackground(self, color): """Resets the window's background color to color.""" self["background"] = color def setResizable(self, state): """Resets the window's resizable property to True or False.""" self.master.resizable(state, state) def setSize(self, width, height): """Resets the window's width and height in pixels.""" self.master.geometry(str(width)+ "x" + str(height)) def setTitle(self, title): """Resets the window's title to title.""" self.master.title(title) # Methods to add widgets to the window. The row and column in # the grid are required arguments. def addLabel(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, sticky = N+W, font = None, background = "white", foreground = "black"): """Creates and inserts a label at the row and column, and returns the label.""" label = tkinter.Label(self, text = text, font = font, background = background, foreground = foreground) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) label.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return label def addButton(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, command = lambda: None, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a button at the row and column, and returns the button.""" button = tkinter.Button(self, text = text, command = command, state = state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) button.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5) return button def addFloatField(self, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, precision = None, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a float field at the row and column, and returns the float field.""" field = FloatField(self, value, width, precision, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addIntegerField(self, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 10, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts an integer field at the row and column, and returns the integer field.""" field = IntegerField(self, value, width, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addTextField(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a text field at the row and column, and returns the text field.""" field = TextField(self, text, width, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addTextArea(self, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 80, height = 5, wrap = NONE): """Creates and inserts a multiline text area at the row and column, and returns the text area. Vertical and horizontal scrollbars are provided.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(self) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) xScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = HORIZONTAL) xScroll.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = E+W) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) area = TextArea(frame, text, width, height, xScroll.set, yScroll.set, wrap) area.grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) xScroll["command"] = area.xview yScroll["command"] = area.yview return area def addListbox(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 10, height = 5, listItemSelected = lambda index: index): """Creates and inserts a scrolling list box at the row and column, with a width and height in lines and columns of text, and a default item selection method, and returns the list box.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(self) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) listBox = EasyListbox(frame, width, height, yScroll.set, listItemSelected) listBox.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) yScroll["command"] = listBox.yview return listBox def addCanvas(self, canvas = None, row = 0, column = 0, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 200, height = 100, background = "white"): """Creates and inserts a canvas at the row and column, and returns the canvas.""" if not canvas: canvas = EasyCanvas(self, width = width, height = height, background = background) canvas.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = W+E+N+S) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 10) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 10) return canvas def addScale(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, command = lambda value: value, from_ = 0, to = 0, label = "", length = 100, orient = HORIZONTAL, resolution = 1, tickinterval = 0): """Creates and inserts a scale at the row and column, and returns the scale.""" scale = tkinter.Scale(self, command = command, from_ = from_, to = to, label = label, length = length, orient = orient, resolution = resolution, tickinterval = tickinterval, relief = "sunken", borderwidth = 4) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) scale.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) return scale def addMenuBar(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = "horizontal"): """Creates and inserts a menu bar at the row and column, and returns the menu bar.""" if not orient in ("horizontal", "vertical"): raise ValueError("orient must be horizontal or vertical") menuBar = EasyMenuBar(self, orient) menuBar.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = N+W) return menuBar def addCheckbutton(self, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = N+S+E+W, command = lambda : 0): """Creates and inserts check button at the row and column, and returns the check button.""" cb = EasyCheckbutton(self, text, command) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) cb.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return cb def addRadiobuttonGroup(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = VERTICAL): """Creates and returns a radio button group.""" return EasyRadiobuttonGroup(self, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, orient) # Added 12-18-2012 def addPanel(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, background = "white"): """Creates and returns a panel.""" return EasyPanel(self, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, background) # Method to pop up a message box from this window. def messageBox(self, title = "", message = "", width = 25, height = 5): """Creates and pops up a message box, with the given title, message, and width and height in rows and columns of text.""" dlg = MessageBox(self, title, message, width, height) return dlg.modified() # Method to pop up a prompter box from this window. def prompterBox(self, title = "", promptString = "", inputText = "", fieldWidth = 20): """Creates and pops up a prompter box, with the given title, prompt, input text, and field width in columns of text. Returns the text entered at the prompt.""" dlg = PrompterBox(self, title, promptString, inputText, fieldWidth) return dlg.getText() # Classes for easy widgets class AbstractField(tkinter.Entry): """Represents common features of float fields, integer fields, and text fields.""" def __init__(self, parent, value, width, state): self.var = tkinter.StringVar() self.setValue(value) tkinter.Entry.__init__(self, parent, textvariable = self.var, width = width, state = state) def setValue(self, value): self.var.set(value) def getValue(self): return self.var.get() class FloatField(AbstractField): """Represents a single line box for I/O of floats.""" def __init__(self, parent, value, width, precision, state): self.setPrecision(precision) AbstractField.__init__(self, parent, value, width, state) def getNumber(self): """Returns the float contained in the field. Raises: ValueError if number format is bad.""" return float(self.getValue()) def setNumber(self, number): """Replaces the float contained in the field.""" self.setValue(self._precision % number) def setPrecision(self, precision): """Resets the precision for the display of a float.""" if precision and precision >= 0: self._precision = "%0." + str(precision) + "f" else: self._precision = "%f" class IntegerField(AbstractField): """Represents a single line box for I/O of integers.""" def __init__(self, parent, value, width, state): AbstractField.__init__(self, parent, value, width, state) def getNumber(self): """Returns the integer contained in the field. Raises: ValueError if number format is bad.""" return int(self.getValue()) def setNumber(self, number): """Replaces the integer contained in the field.""" self.setValue(str(number)) class TextField(AbstractField): """Represents a single line box for I/O of strings.""" def __init__(self, parent, value, width, state): AbstractField.__init__(self, parent, value, width, state) def getText(self): """Returns the string contained in the field.""" return self.getValue() def setText(self, text): """Replaces the string contained in the field.""" self.setValue(text) class TextArea(tkinter.Text): """Represents a box for I/O of multiline text.""" def __init__(self, parent, text, width, height, xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand, wrap): tkinter.Text.__init__(self, parent, width = width, height = height, wrap = wrap, xscrollcommand = xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand = yscrollcommand) self.setText(text) def getText(self): """Returns the string contained in the text area.""" return self.get("1.0", END) def setText(self, text): """Replaces the string contained in the text area.""" self.delete("1.0", END) self.insert("1.0", text) def appendText(self, text): """Inserts the text after the string contained in the text area.""" self.insert(END, text) class EasyListbox(tkinter.Listbox): """Represents a list box.""" def __init__(self, parent, width, height, yscrollcommand, listItemSelected): self._listItemSelected = listItemSelected tkinter.Listbox.__init__(self, parent, width = width, height = height, yscrollcommand = yscrollcommand, selectmode = SINGLE) self.bind("<<ListboxSelect>>", self.triggerListItemSelected) def triggerListItemSelected(self, event): """Strategy method to respond to an item selection in the list box. Runs the client's listItemSelected method with the selected index if there is one.""" if self.size() == 0: return widget = event.widget index = widget.curselection()[0] self._listItemSelected(index) def getSelectedIndex(self): """Returns the index of the selected item or -1 if no item is selected.""" tup = self.curselection() if len(tup) == 0: return -1 else: return int(tup[0]) def getSelectedItem(self): """Returns the selected item or the empty string if no item is selected.""" index = self.getSelectedIndex() if index == -1: return "" else: return self.get(index) def setSelectedIndex(self, index): """Selects the item at the index if it's in the range.""" if index < 0 or index >= self.size(): return self.selection_set(index, index) def clear(self): """Deletes all items from the list box.""" while self.size() > 0: self.delete(0) def getIndex(self, item): """Returns the index of item if it's in the list box, or -1 otherwise.""" tup = self.get(0, self.size() - 1) if item in tup: return tup.index(item) else: return -1 class EasyRadiobuttonGroup(tkinter.Frame): """Represents a group of radio buttons, only one of which is selected at any given time.""" def __init__(self, parent, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, orient): tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, parent) self.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self._commonVar = tkinter.StringVar("") self._buttons = dict() self._orient = orient self._buttonRow = self._buttonColumn = 0 def addRadiobutton(self, text, command = lambda : 0): """Creates a button with the given text and command, adds it to the group, and returns the button.""" if text in self._buttons: raise ValueError("Button with this label already in the group") button = tkinter.Radiobutton(self, text = text, value = text, command = command, variable = self._commonVar) self._buttons[text] = button button.grid(row = self._buttonRow, column = self._buttonColumn, sticky = N+W) if self._orient == VERTICAL: self.rowconfigure(self._buttonRow, weight = 1) self._buttonRow += 1 else: self.columnconfigure(self._buttonColumn, weight = 1) self._buttonColumn += 1 return button def getSelectedButton(self): if not self._commonVar.get() in self._buttons: raise ValueError("No button has been selected yet.") return self._buttons[self._commonVar.get()] def setSelectedButton(self, button): self._commonVar.set(button["value"]) class EasyCheckbutton(tkinter.Checkbutton): """Represents a check button.""" def __init__(self, parent, text, command): self._variable = tkinter.IntVar() tkinter.Checkbutton.__init__(self, parent, text = text, variable = self._variable, command = command) def isChecked(self): """Returns True if the button is checked or False otherwise.""" return self._variable.get() != 0 class EasyMenuBar(tkinter.Frame): """Represents a menu bar.""" def __init__(self, parent, orient): self._orient = orient self._row = self._column = 0 tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, parent, relief = RAISED, borderwidth = 1) def addMenu(self, text, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a menu into the menubar, and returns the menu.""" menu = EasyMenubutton(self, text, state = state) menu.grid(row = self._row, column = self._column) if self._orient == "horizontal": self._column += 1 else: self._row += 1 return menu class EasyMenubutton(tkinter.Menubutton): """Represents a menu button.""" def __init__(self, menuBar, text, state): tkinter.Menubutton.__init__(self, menuBar, text = text, state = state) self.menu = tkinter.Menu(self) self["menu"] = self.menu self._currentIndex = -1 def addMenuItem(self, text, command, state = NORMAL): """Inserts a menu option in the given menu.""" self.menu.add_command(label = text, command = command, state = state) self._currentIndex += 1 return EasyMenuItem(self, self._currentIndex) class EasyMenuItem(object): """Represents an option in a drop-down menu.""" def __init__(self, menu, index): self._menu = menu self._index = index def setState(self, state): """Sets the state of the item to state.""" self._menu.menu.entryconfigure(self._index, state = state) class EasyCanvas(tkinter.Canvas): """Represents a rectangular area for interactive drawing of shapes. Supports simple commands for drawing lines, rectangles, and ovals, as well as methods for responding to mouse events in the canvas.""" def __init__(self, parent, width = None, height = None, background = "white"): tkinter.Canvas.__init__(self, parent, width = width, height = height, background = background) self.bind("<Double-Button-1>", self.mouseDoubleClicked) self.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.mousePressed) self.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.mouseReleased) self.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.mouseDragged) # Mouse event handling methods. One or more of these methods can # be overridden in the subclass to implement the required actions. # The event argument can be used to extract the current mouse # cursor coordinates (event.x and event.y). def mouseDoubleClicked(self, event): """Triggered when the mouse is double-clicked in the area of this canvas.""" return def mousePressed(self, event): """Triggered when the mouse is pressed in the area of this canvas.""" return def mouseReleased(self, event): """Triggered when the mouse is released in the area of this canvas.""" return def mouseDragged(self, event): """Triggered when the mouse is dragged in the area of this canvas.""" return def getWidth(self): """Returns the width of the canvas.""" return self["width"] def getHeight(self): """Returns the height of the canvas.""" return self["height"] def drawLine(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, fill = "black", width = 1): item = self.create_line(x0, y0, x1, y1) self.itemconfig(item, fill = fill, width = width) return item def drawRectangle(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, outline = "black", fill = None): """Draws a rectangle with the given corner points, outline color, and fill color.""" item = self.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1) self.itemconfig(item, outline = outline, fill = fill) return item def drawOval(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, outline = "black", fill = None): """Draws an ovel within the given corner points, with the given outline color and fill color.""" item = self.create_oval(x0, y0, x1, y1) self.itemconfig(item, outline = outline, fill = fill) return item def drawText(self, text, x, y, fill = "black"): """Draws the given text (a string) at the given coordinates with the given fill color. The string is centered vertically and horizontally at the given coordinates.""" item = self.create_text(x, y) self.itemconfig(item, text = text, fill = fill) return item def drawImage(self, image, x, y, anchor = CENTER): """Draws the given image (a PhotoImage) at the given coordinates. The image is centered at the given coordinates by default.""" item = self.create_image(x, y, image = image, anchor = anchor) self.itemconfig(item, image = image, anchor = anchor) return item def deleteItem(self, item): """Removes and erases the shape with the given item number from the canvas.""" self.delete(item) # Support classes for dialogs. class MessageBox(tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog): """Represents a message dialog with a scrollable text area.""" @classmethod def message(cls, title = "", message = "", width = 25, height = 5): MessageBox(tkinter.Frame(), title, message, width, height) def __init__(self, parent, title, message, width, height): """Set up the window and widgets.""" self._message = message self._width = width self._height = height self._modified = False tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title) def body(self, master): self.resizable(0, 0) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(master, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) output = tkinter.Text(master, width = self._width, height = self._height, padx = 5, pady = 5, wrap = WORD, yscrollcommand = yScroll.set) output.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+W+S+E) output.insert("1.0", self._message) output["state"] = DISABLED yScroll["command"] = output.yview return output def buttonbox(self): '''add standard button box. override if you do not want the standard buttons''' box = tkinter.Frame(self) w = tkinter.Button(box, text="OK", width = 10, command = self.ok, default = ACTIVE) w.pack() self.bind("<Return>", self.ok) box.pack() def apply(self): """Quits the dialog.""" self._modified = True def modified(self): return self._modified class PrompterBox(tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog): """Represents an input dialog with a text field.""" @classmethod def prompt(cls, title = "", promptString = "", inputText = "", fieldWidth = 20): """Creates and pops up an input dialog.""" dlg = PrompterBox(tkinter.Frame(), title, promptString, inputText, fieldWidth) return dlg.getText() def __init__(self, parent, title, promptString, inputText, fieldWidth): """Set up the window and widgets.""" self._prompt = promptString self._text = inputText self._width = fieldWidth self._modified = False tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title) def body(self, master): self.resizable(0, 0) label = tkinter.Label(master, text = self._prompt) label.grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5, sticky = N+W+S+E) self._field = TextField(master, self._text, self._width, NORMAL) self._field.grid(row = 1, column = 0, padx = 5, sticky = N+W+S+E) return self._field def buttonbox(self): '''add standard button box. override if you do not want the standard buttons''' box = tkinter.Frame(self) w = tkinter.Button(box, text="OK", width = 10, command = self.ok, default = ACTIVE) w.pack() self.bind("<Return>", self.ok) box.pack() def apply(self): """Quits the dialog.""" self._modified = True def modified(self): return self._modified def getText(self): """Returns the text currently in the text field.""" return self._field.getText() class EasyDialog(tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog): """Represents a general-purpose dialog. Subclasses should include body and apply methods.""" def __init__(self, parent, title = ""): """Set up the window and widgets.""" self._modified = False tkinter.simpledialog.Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title) def modified(self): """Returns the modified status of the dialog.""" return self._modified def setModified(self): self._modified = True def addLabel(self, master, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, sticky = N+W, font = None): """Creates and inserts a label at the row and column, and returns the label.""" label = tkinter.Label(master, text = text, font = font) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) label.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return label def addButton(self, master, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, command = lambda: None, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a button at the row and column, and returns the button.""" button = tkinter.Button(master, text = text, command = command, state = state) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) button.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5) return button def addFloatField(self, master, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, precision = None, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a float field at the row and column, and returns the float field.""" field = FloatField(master, value, width, precision, state) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addIntegerField(self, master, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 10, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts an integer field at the row and column, and returns the integer field.""" field = IntegerField(master, value, width, state) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addTextField(self, master, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a text field at the row and column, and returns the text field.""" field = TextField(master, text, width, state) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addCheckbutton(self, master, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = N+S+E+W, command = lambda : 0): """Creates and inserts check button at the row and column, and returns the check button.""" cb = EasyCheckbutton(master, text, command) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) cb.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return cb def addRadiobuttonGroup(self, master, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = VERTICAL): """Creates and returns a radio button group.""" return EasyRadiobuttonGroup(master, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, orient) def addScale(self, master, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, command = lambda value: value, from_ = 0, to = 0, label = "", length = 100, orient = HORIZONTAL, resolution = 1, tickinterval = 0): """Creates and inserts a scale at the row and column, and returns the scale.""" scale = tkinter.Scale(master, command = command, from_ = from_, to = to, label = label, length = length, orient = orient, resolution = resolution, tickinterval = tickinterval, relief = "sunken", borderwidth = 4) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) scale.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) return scale def addTextArea(self, master, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 80, height = 5, wrap = NONE): """Creates and inserts a multiline text area at the row and column, and returns the text area. Vertical and horizontal scrollbars are provided.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(master) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) xScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = HORIZONTAL) xScroll.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = E+W) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) area = TextArea(frame, text, width, height, xScroll.set, yScroll.set, wrap) area.grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) xScroll["command"] = area.xview yScroll["command"] = area.yview return area def addListbox(self, master, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 10, height = 5, listItemSelected = lambda index: index): """Creates and inserts a scrolling list box at the row and column, with a width and height in lines and columns of text, and a default item selection method, and returns the list box.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(master) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) listBox = EasyListbox(frame, width, height, yScroll.set, listItemSelected) listBox.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) yScroll["command"] = listBox.yview return listBox def addCanvas(self, master, canvas = None, row = 0, column = 0, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 200, height = 100, background = "white"): """Creates and inserts a canvas at the row and column, and returns the canvas.""" if not canvas: canvas = EasyCanvas(master, width = width, height = height, background = background) canvas.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = W+E+N+S) master.columnconfigure(column, weight = 10) master.rowconfigure(row, weight = 10) return canvas def addMenuBar(self, master, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = "horizontal"): """Creates and inserts a menu bar at the row and column, and returns the menu bar.""" if not orient in ("horizontal", "vertical"): raise ValueError("orient must be horizontal or vertical") menuBar = EasyMenuBar(master, orient) menuBar.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = N+W) return menuBar def messageBox(self, title = "", message = "", width = 25, height = 5): """Creates and pops up a message box, with the given title, message, and width and height in rows and columns of text.""" dlg = MessageBox(self, title, message, width, height) return dlg.modified() # Added 12-18-2012 def addPanel(self, master, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, background = "white"): """Creates and returns a panel.""" return EasyPanel(master, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, background) # Added 12-18-2012 class EasyPanel(tkinter.Frame): """Organizes a group of widgets in a panel (nested frame).""" def __init__(self, parent, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, background): tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, parent) parent.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) parent.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) self.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self.setBackground(background) def setBackground(self, color): """Resets the panel's background color to color.""" self["background"] = color def addButton(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, command = lambda: None, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a button at the row and column, and returns the button.""" button = tkinter.Button(self, text = text, command = command, state = state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) button.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5) return button def addLabel(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, sticky = N+W, font = None, background = "white", foreground = "black"): """Creates and inserts a label at the row and column, and returns the label.""" label = tkinter.Label(self, text = text, font = font, background = background, foreground = foreground) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) label.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return label def addFloatField(self, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, precision = None, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a float field at the row and column, and returns the float field.""" field = FloatField(self, value, width, precision, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addIntegerField(self, value, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 10, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts an integer field at the row and column, and returns the integer field.""" field = IntegerField(self, value, width, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addTextField(self, text, row, column, columnspan = 1, rowspan = 1, width = 20, sticky = N+E, state = NORMAL): """Creates and inserts a text field at the row and column, and returns the text field.""" field = TextField(self, text, width, state) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) field.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return field def addTextArea(self, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 80, height = 5, wrap = NONE): """Creates and inserts a multiline text area at the row and column, and returns the text area. Vertical and horizontal scrollbars are provided.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(self) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) xScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = HORIZONTAL) xScroll.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = E+W) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) area = TextArea(frame, text, width, height, xScroll.set, yScroll.set, wrap) area.grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) xScroll["command"] = area.xview yScroll["command"] = area.yview return area def addListbox(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 10, height = 5, listItemSelected = lambda index: index): """Creates and inserts a scrolling list box at the row and column, with a width and height in lines and columns of text, and a default item selection method, and returns the list box.""" frame = tkinter.Frame(self) frame.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) yScroll = tkinter.Scrollbar(frame, orient = VERTICAL) yScroll.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N+S) listBox = EasyListbox(frame, width, height, yScroll.set, listItemSelected) listBox.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+S+E+W) frame.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) frame.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) yScroll["command"] = listBox.yview return listBox def addCanvas(self, canvas = None, row = 0, column = 0, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, width = 200, height = 100, background = "white"): """Creates and inserts a canvas at the row and column, and returns the canvas.""" if not canvas: canvas = EasyCanvas(self, width = width, height = height, background = background) canvas.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = W+E+N+S) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 10) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 10) return canvas def addScale(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, command = lambda value: value, from_ = 0, to = 0, label = "", length = 100, orient = HORIZONTAL, resolution = 1, tickinterval = 0): """Creates and inserts a scale at the row and column, and returns the scale.""" scale = tkinter.Scale(self, command = command, from_ = from_, to = to, label = label, length = length, orient = orient, resolution = resolution, tickinterval = tickinterval, relief = "sunken", borderwidth = 4) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) scale.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, sticky = N+S+E+W) return scale def addMenuBar(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = "horizontal"): """Creates and inserts a menu bar at the row and column, and returns the menu bar.""" if not orient in ("horizontal", "vertical"): raise ValueError("orient must be horizontal or vertical") menuBar = EasyMenuBar(self, orient) menuBar.grid(row = row, column = column, rowspan = rowspan, columnspan = columnspan, sticky = N+W) return menuBar def addCheckbutton(self, text, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, sticky = N+S+E+W, command = lambda : 0): """Creates and inserts check button at the row and column, and returns the check button.""" cb = EasyCheckbutton(self, text, command) self.rowconfigure(row, weight = 1) self.columnconfigure(column, weight = 1) cb.grid(row = row, column = column, columnspan = columnspan, rowspan = rowspan, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = sticky) return cb def addRadiobuttonGroup(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, orient = VERTICAL): """Creates and returns a radio button group.""" return EasyRadiobuttonGroup(self, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, orient) def addPanel(self, row, column, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 1, background = "white"): """Creates and returns a panel.""" return EasyPanel(self, row, column, rowspan, columnspan, background)