### Educational Exercise: Genetics of Beetle Phenotypes#### Problem StatementWhen studying beetles that are typically smooth, large, and white, three mutations have been identified causing recessive phenotypes: bumpy, small, and grey. In this genetic exercise, the goal is to understand the inheritance pattern by crossing different beetle strains.#### Genetic Crosses and Phenotypic Classes**Initial Crosses:**1. **Cross 1:** - **Parents:** True-breeding smooth white beetles and true-breeding bumpy grey beetles. - **Result:** All smooth white F1 beetles.2. **Cross 2:** - **Cross of F1:** F1 beetles to true-breeding bumpy grey beetles. - **Mapped Distance:** A calculated map distance of 5 cM between the smoothness and color loci was determined using the F2 phenotype.**F2 Generation Phenotypes:**- **Analysis of 800 F2 beetles** provides the following genotype and phenotype data:| Genotypic Class | Phenotypic Class | Number of this Phenotype ||-----------------|-------------------|--------------------------|| | White, Smooth, Large | 380 || | White, Smooth, Small | 380 || | Grey, Bumpy, Large | 20 || | Grey, Bumpy, Small | 20 |**Genotypic and Phenotypic Symbols:**- **Body Type (Smooth/Bumpy):** Use 'S' or 's'- **Color (White/Grey):** Use 'W' or 'w'- **Size (Large/Small):** Use 'L' or 'l'#### Part B: Cross Analysis**Goal:**- Discover the genotypes and phenotypes of two parental beetles (P generation) that yield F1 beetles exhibiting large and smooth traits.**Procedure:**1. **Cross F1 with True-breeding Small, Bumpy Beetles:** - **Results:** - 228 large and smooth - 19 small and smooth - 16 large and bumpy - 237 small and bumpy2. **Construct a Table:**| Phenotype | Number Observed ||------------------|-----------------|| Large, Smooth | 228

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working type beetie that normally smooth, large and you discover 3 mutations that lead to the recessive phenotypes bumpy, small and grey, respectively. You cross true-breeding smooth white beetles to true-breeding bumpy grey beetles and get all smooth white F1 beetles. Then, your cross the F1 beetles to true- breeding bumpy grey beetles and, after analyzing 800 F2s, calculate a map distance of 5 cM between the smoothness and color loci. a. What are the 4 phenotypic classes you get in the F2? Fill in the table below. For the body type (i.e., smooth or bumpy), use S or s to designate the alleles. For the color (ie., white or grey), use W or w to designate the alleles. For the size (i.e., large or small), use L or l to designate the alleles. Genotypic class Phenotypic class Number of this phenotype 380 380 20

working type beetie that normally smooth, large and you discover 3 mutations that lead to the recessive phenotypes bumpy, small and grey, respectively. You cross true-breeding smooth white beetles to true-breeding bumpy grey beetles and get all smooth white F1 beetles. Then, your cross the F1 beetles to true- breeding bumpy grey beetles and, after analyzing 800 F2s, calculate a map distance of 5 cM between the smoothness and color loci. a. What are the 4 phenotypic classes you get in the F2? Fill in the table below. For the body type (i.e., smooth or bumpy), use S or s to designate the alleles. For the color (ie., white or grey), use W or w to designate the alleles. For the size (i.e., large or small), use L or l to designate the alleles. Genotypic class Phenotypic class Number of this phenotype 380 380 20

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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