wide variety of food, including milk, butter, ice cream, and cheese. People who have an intolerance experience physical pain, so a tolerance evolved to avoid that. Babies rely on milk to survive, so they need to be able to tolerate lactose. Within cultures that rely on milk-producing animals, individuals who tolerated lactose had a survival advantage.

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A: Probiotics are the good, live bacteria and yeast that are supplied through drink to humans. It helps…

Q: Billions of dollars are invested in strategies to reduce the spread of infectious diseases within…

A: Animal and plant diseases represent a serious danger to food security, sanitation, public economies,…

Q: The odor of your underarms is different than the odor of your feet because:  a. pathogenic bacteria…

A: Body odor is caused by bacterial metabolism on skin. Bacteria convert odorless compounds in sweat to…

Q: What is the relationship between normal flora Escherichia coli (E. coli) and STEC?   A When normal…

A: Answer is :. Normal flora E. Coli do not make shiga toxin, but STEC are E. coli that do make shiga…

Q: Miller-Urey type experiments have shown that simple organic molecules like amino acids can be…

A: Ribozymes are the RNA molecules that have the capability to catalyze various biochemical reactions.…

Q: The discovery and mass-production of antibiotics has triggered a revolution in medicine, decreasing…

A: The discovery and widespread use of antibiotics have revolutionized the field of medicine, enabling…

Q: Which of these statements about the virulence of rabbit myxoma virus is TRUE? A. Rabbit myxoma virus…

A: Myxoma virus It is a DNA pox virus.  It is a member of the lepropoxvirus group. It spreads through…

Q: find an example of a set of genes that have been horizontally gene transferred between bacteria or…

A: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can be defined as the acquisition of genetic material from another…

Q: Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by

A: Genetic change is the change brought about in the geno

Q: factors influenced the survival of humans during the bubonic plague

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Q: The competition host, Chuck Charles, sampled each burger as part of the judging; later that evening,…

A: Illness is a condition when the mind or body of an individual are not functioning properly or…

Q: Pick all that are true and none that are false. What are some changes in human-associated microbial…

A: Given the changes in human-associated microbial communities due to industrialization, the true…

Q: Describe in detail 3 cons of GMOs.

A: Genetically modified crops are the  crops which have been modified by manipulating the original…

Q: Probiotic bacteria in the human large intestine (also known as “the colon”):  a. have an optimal…

A: Probiotics are made up of good bacteria that helps keep our body healthy and working well.…

Q: A scientist is trying to get a bacterium to make human insulin.  The scientist uses restriction…

A: Recombinant DNA technology is a boon invented by genetic engineers in order to produce important…

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A: When germ-free mice receive fecal material from normal mice, they are essentially being introduced…

Q: Cure for Beriberi In 1887, a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies.…

A: Observations: The victims showed the following symptoms; weakness and loss of appetite. Moreover…

Q: From our Case Study on Kimberly: with mucus. is a devastating illness that affects the lungs,…

A: This case study provides information about a devastating illness affecting the lungs, pancreas, and…

Q: The bacterium Agrobacterium infects plants and causes plant cells to develop tumorlike cellular…

A: Antibiotics have definitely transformed the lives of countless individuals by rescuing them from…

Q: Question 4

A: The question is asking about the famous experiment conducted by Oswald Avery and his colleagues in…

Q: Malaria disease is characterized by cycles of symptoms with 3 stages; a cold stagewhen you shiver…

A: Symbiosis is a type of close relationship between two organisms. There are different types of…

Q: When comparing the a-globin protein in cow and humans, you find that they differ at 17 of the 149…

A: Amino Acid:  Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The building blocks of life are amino…

Q: Frederick Griffith documented bacterial transformation. Which statement is true concerning his…

A: Bacterial transformation is the process of horizontal gene transfer through which some bacteria…

Q: In patients with nonresistant strains of the tuberculosis bacterium, antibiotics can relieve…

A: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that mainly affects the lungs but can also invade other organ systems…

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A: Yoghurt is a thick, milk product, produced by fermentation of milk by the lactobacillus…

Q: Does the current study’s results regarding compositional differences using pasteurized veruses.…

A: Gouda cheese is a semi-hard cheese that originated in the Netherlands. It is named after the city of…

Q: What is the main reason that infectious diseases are becoming more common in modern times?  A.…

A: The question is asking for the primary reason why infectious diseases are becoming more prevalent in…

Q: A mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps…

A: Bacteria are simple unicellular organisms that have a cellular level of organization. They undergo…

Q: following statements refer to genetically-modified (GM) organisms.  Which of the following…

A: Genetically changed organisms (GMOs) are often outlined as organisms (i.e. plants, animals, or…

Q: .The image below shows the growth rate vs temperature profiles of two strains of bacteria. They…

A: In biology, membrane fluidity refers to the viscosity of the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane or a…

Q: The Levaquin treatment caused a mutation to develop in the resistant cells Population replacement of…

A: Levaquin is used to treat various bacterial infections like the infections caused by S. pneumoniae.…

Q: Scientist noticed that humans have distinct bacterial communities in their guts; the bacteria in…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the best hypothesis for the experiment described. A…

Microbial Physiology

Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.

Chemotaxis

The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.