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Why are some plates placed into a candle jar?

Why are some plates placed into a candle jar?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Q4. Why are some plates placed into a candle jar?

Q6. What is the purpose of each kind of medium?

**Incubation of Plates:** All BHI or blood plates, inside a candle jar, as well as Mitis-salivarius agar plates. The candle jar is lit, closed, and placed in a 37°C incubator. Mannitol salt agar and MacConkey's plates are incubated in the regular 37°C incubator. **Interpretation:** 1. **Remove and Separate Plates:** - All plates are removed from the incubators and separated into two groups—plaque or toothbrush. 2. **Determine Bacteria per Plaque Sample:** - Calculate the number of bacteria per plaque sample. This count will not be per gram as less than a gram of plaque is used. 3. **Determine Bacteria per Toothbrush Head:** - Use counts from blood or BHI to calculate the number of bacteria per toothbrush head. 4. **Group Analysis:** - Calculate the number of bacteria per toothbrush head for each group of bacteria, based on individual media type. 5. **Medium Analysis for Both Toothbrush and Plaque:** - **BAP or BHI:** Total count of facultative bacteria and aerobes. - **Mannitol Salt:** Detects salt-resistant *Staphylococcus* species; *Staph aureus* appears yellow. - **MacConkey's:** Identifies enteric gram-negative rods; coliforms turn red, non-coliforms appear clearish. - **Mitis-salivarius Agar:** - Small blue colonies indicate *Streptococcus mitis*. - Large blue gumdrop-like colonies indicate *Streptococcus salivarius*. - Dark blue/black, shiny colonies indicate *Enterococcus faecalis*. 6. **Gram Stain Procedure:** - Gram stain at least one colony on each type of medium. Record the gram reaction, arrangement, and shape.
Transcribed Image Text:**Incubation of Plates:** All BHI or blood plates, inside a candle jar, as well as Mitis-salivarius agar plates. The candle jar is lit, closed, and placed in a 37°C incubator. Mannitol salt agar and MacConkey's plates are incubated in the regular 37°C incubator. **Interpretation:** 1. **Remove and Separate Plates:** - All plates are removed from the incubators and separated into two groups—plaque or toothbrush. 2. **Determine Bacteria per Plaque Sample:** - Calculate the number of bacteria per plaque sample. This count will not be per gram as less than a gram of plaque is used. 3. **Determine Bacteria per Toothbrush Head:** - Use counts from blood or BHI to calculate the number of bacteria per toothbrush head. 4. **Group Analysis:** - Calculate the number of bacteria per toothbrush head for each group of bacteria, based on individual media type. 5. **Medium Analysis for Both Toothbrush and Plaque:** - **BAP or BHI:** Total count of facultative bacteria and aerobes. - **Mannitol Salt:** Detects salt-resistant *Staphylococcus* species; *Staph aureus* appears yellow. - **MacConkey's:** Identifies enteric gram-negative rods; coliforms turn red, non-coliforms appear clearish. - **Mitis-salivarius Agar:** - Small blue colonies indicate *Streptococcus mitis*. - Large blue gumdrop-like colonies indicate *Streptococcus salivarius*. - Dark blue/black, shiny colonies indicate *Enterococcus faecalis*. 6. **Gram Stain Procedure:** - Gram stain at least one colony on each type of medium. Record the gram reaction, arrangement, and shape.
**Interpretation:** - Determine the total number of bacteria per plaque sample and toothbrush head from BHI. \[ \text{CFU/ mL} = \frac{\text{Number of colonies on a selected plate}}{\text{Total dilution} \times \text{amount plated}} \] **Diagram Explanation:** The image shows results from plates using the plaque sample, arranged in decreasing order of dilution: - **10⁰, 10⁻¹, and 10⁻² Dilutions:** Labelled as TMTC (Too Many To Count), indicating a high bacterial concentration. - **10⁻³ Dilution:** Shows countable colonies. - **10⁻⁴ Dilution:** Contains 238 colonies. - **10⁻⁵ Dilution:** Contains 24 colonies. - **10⁻⁶ Dilution:** Contains 2 colonies. These results help determine the bacterial concentration by calculating Colony Forming Units (CFU) per milliliter.
Transcribed Image Text:**Interpretation:** - Determine the total number of bacteria per plaque sample and toothbrush head from BHI. \[ \text{CFU/ mL} = \frac{\text{Number of colonies on a selected plate}}{\text{Total dilution} \times \text{amount plated}} \] **Diagram Explanation:** The image shows results from plates using the plaque sample, arranged in decreasing order of dilution: - **10⁰, 10⁻¹, and 10⁻² Dilutions:** Labelled as TMTC (Too Many To Count), indicating a high bacterial concentration. - **10⁻³ Dilution:** Shows countable colonies. - **10⁻⁴ Dilution:** Contains 238 colonies. - **10⁻⁵ Dilution:** Contains 24 colonies. - **10⁻⁶ Dilution:** Contains 2 colonies. These results help determine the bacterial concentration by calculating Colony Forming Units (CFU) per milliliter.
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