why are inference conditions not met?
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- Cars and trucks We have data on the city and highwayfuel efficiency of 316 cars and 316 trucks.a) Would it be appropriate to use paired t methods tocompare the cars and the trucks?b) Would it be appropriate to use paired t methods tocompare the city and highway fuel efficiencies ofthese vehicles?c) A histogram of the differences (highway – city) isshown. Are the conditions for inference satisfied?Legal researchers were interested in learning whether a rape defendant's perceived guilt depends on the type of argument introduced by his defense attorney. Researchers classified each defense by whether or not it introduced the idea that the female victim was asking for the encounter—the “she shouldn't have worn that short skirt” defense. In a simulated juror situation, the researchers asked each of the 20 mock jurors to rate the guilt of the defendant on a scale from 1 to 7. This is a(n) _____ dependent variable, which means that the data can be analyzed using a _____ test. a. nominal; nonparametric b. ordinal; parametric c. ordinal; nonparametric d. nominal; parametricPart II: Use 8 inference rules and 10 replacement rules (D.N., C.E., B.E., DeM. Dup., Assoc., Commu. Dist., Contrap. Export.) to prove the following arguments. You are NOT allowed to use C.P. or I.P. e) 1. X=T 2. ((QxT =R) =(XvW) 3. RD(XvT) 4. -(TvW) 1:Q
- 7. You have seen this question before. Human volunteers were asked to try five types of meat products. One of these was dog food; the others were various types of pâté. The volunteers were asked which of the five was their favorite. Two out of 18 volunteers chose the dog food. Is there evidence that people prefer human food over dog food? Show all four steps of hypothesis testing.A psychologist wants to test the influence of color on object recognition in 4-year olds. She recruits 25 children and shows them two sets of pictures of everyday objects (variable = picture type), has the children name them, and measures the time it takes (variable = reaction time). She shows the children a color set of pictures first and then shows them a black and white set of pictures. a) What is the independent variable? b) What is the dependent variable? c) What is the second independent variable? d) What is the second dependent variable? e) Is "picture type" a within-subjects or between-subjects variable? f) What scale of measurement is reaction time? g) What scale of measurement is picture type? h) The order of presentation of the picture sets is what kind of variable?is there enough evidence to reject the claim?
- A researcher selects a sample of international students and provides them with extra support to pursue their educational goals. The graduation rates for the sample is compared to the graduation rates for international students overall. In this study design, what are the null and alternative hypotheses? answer should be in the form of 2 complete sentences.A student majoring in Management who has passed the Business Statistics course suspects that the average price of lunch at the canteen has increased during the pandemic. Before the pandemic, the price for lunch he paid was $21, $22, $22.50, $23, $23.50. After the pandemic, he paid $25, $25.50, $30, $27, and $26.50. a) Perform a hypothesis test analysis to find out whether there has been an average increase in the price of lunch (Use six Hypothesis Testing Steps) ! b) Interpret (and explain) the results of point a above!A. P (win/regular) = 0.82 P (win/prevent) = 0.64 Conclusion: You are more likely to win by playing prevent defense. B. P (win/regular) = 0.33 P (win/prevent) = 0.67 Conclusion: You are more likely to win by playing prevent defense. C. P (win/regular) = 0.82 P (win/prevent) = 0.64 Conclusion: You are more likely to win by playing regular defense. D. P (win/regular) = 0.33 P (win/prevent) = 0.67 Conclusion: You are more likely to win by playing regular defense.
- Is achieving a basic skill level related to the location (a) through (d). Subject Location Reading Math Science 45 the school? The results of a random sample of students by the location of school and the number of students achieving basic skill levels in three subjects is shown in the contingency table. At a = 0.10, test the hypothesis that the variables are independent. Complete parts Urban 41 36 Suburban 60 67 58 (a) Identify the claim and state the null and alternative hypotheses. Ha: Skill level in a subject is location H.: Skill level in a subject is location The V is the claim. (b) Determine the degrees of freedom, find the critical value, and identify the rejection region. What are the degrees of freedom? d.f. = Find the critical value. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Choose the correct rejection region below. O A. x3 (c) Calculate the test statistic. If convenient, use technology. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (d) Decide to reject or fail to reject the…How would a T test give us information about if men or women could jump higher in a vertical leap test?New road signs are made with the intention of improving visibility for drivers. Highway safety engineer’s setup a test course that included both the old and new signs. Volunteers drove the course and rated the old and new signs in terms of visibility. a) Write the null and alternative hypotheses in words using “improved visibility” and “not improved visibility”.b) Describe a Type I error in the context of the problem.c) Describe a Type II error in the context of the problem.