Why and how do the polymerase go backward from state 2 (post-translocation state) to state 1(pre-translocation state) during replication and transcription?

Q: What is PCNA?  What is processivity and is it affected by PCNA?  How?

A: Some common features of PCNA include- PCNA sliding clamp ring is highly conserved, all PCNAs are…

Q: Why can’t the lagging strand be synthesized in the same direction of the replication fork

A: Both strands are synthesised in a 5′ x 3′ direction at a replication fork. The leading strand is…

Q: Why do we say replication and transcription is highly stochastic? There are just 4 types of…

A: The process of DNA replication or transcription, we have noticed that there are many steps involved,…

Q: Why would replication come to a halt in the absence of topoisomerase II?

A: Two identical copies of the original DNA are produced as a result of the DNA replication process. In…

Q: How to calculate entropy and heat dissipation in replication/ transcription? How do the entropy and…

A: Entropy and heat dissipation are important considerations in biological processes, including…

Q: all of the primase enzymes were removed from a cell, how would this affect the replication process?

A: DNA replication is a complex process in which complementary strands of DNA are synthesized. this is…

Q: Which of the three Mut proteins is responsible for ensuring that the mismatched base in the newly…

A: DNA replication is the process in which DNA molecules get duplicated. It includes initiation,…

Q: Why must reoviral replication events occur within thenucleocapsid?

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: What is reverse transcription simple definition?

A: The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis.…

Q: What are similarities and differences between the transcription process and the replication…

A: Genome is the total DNA contained in an organism. Genome contains information to maintain and build…

Q: which exons become spliced together?

A: Splicing is the editing of the nascent precursor messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) called pre-mRNA…

Q: What is the function of the single strand binding proteins during DNA replication?

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy-ribose nucleic acid in which…

Q: What is the difference from the polymerase used in transcription of mRNA and the polymerase used…

A: Central Dogma as the name suggests, is central to the persistence of life forms on this planet. The…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.