Answered: White matter in your spinal cord…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

Please, I do not understand this question. An explanation leading to the CORRECT answer would be helpful! Question: White matter in your spinal cord typically are neurons involved in transferring signals very rapidly throughout the central nervous system. The white color of white matter is the result of myelin sheaths around axons Which of the following is the most important major difference between signals moving through white matter vs gray matter?

Signals move faster
through white matter
More glial cells in
white matter
YES
More cell bodies of
afferent neurons in white
matter
More action potentials per
neuron in gray matter

Expert Solution

Step 1: Understanding White Matter

White matter is a critical component of the central nervous system (CNS) and plays a vital role in transmitting information between different regions of the brain and spinal cord. It derives its name from its pale, white appearance, which is attributed to the abundance of myelinated nerve fibers within it.

Key characteristics of white matter include:

1. Myelinated Axons: White matter primarily consists of myelinated axons, which are long, thread-like extensions of neurons. Myelin, a fatty substance, forms an insulating sheath around these axons. This insulation enhances the speed and efficiency of nerve signal transmission.

2. Connective Function: White matter acts as a network of highways or communication cables within the CNS. It facilitates the transmission of information between different regions of the brain, allowing for the coordination of various cognitive and motor functions.

3. Role in Brain Connectivity: White matter pathways, often referred to as tracts or fiber bundles, connect different brain regions. These pathways enable the exchange of sensory, motor, and cognitive information, ensuring seamless communication and integration of functions.

4. Located Beneath Gray Matter: White matter is typically found beneath the gray matter in the brain. Gray matter contains neuronal cell bodies, while white matter contains axons. This arrangement allows for the processing and integration of information in gray matter and its rapid transmission through white matter.

5. Vulnerability to Disease: White matter can be affected by various neurological disorders and diseases, including multiple sclerosis, which leads to the degradation of myelin, and white matter hyperintensities seen in some neurological conditions, such as aging-related changes and certain forms of dementia.