Which statements are true? Explain why or why not.1 Each strand in a β sheet is a helix with two aminoacids per turn.2 Intrinsically disordered regions of proteins can beidentified using bioinformatic methods to search genes forencoded amino acid sequences that possess high hydro-phobicity and low net charge.3 Loops of polypeptide that protrude from the sur-face of a protein often form the binding sites for other mol-ecules.4 An enzyme reaches a maximum rate at high sub-strate concentration because it has a fixed number ofactive sites where substrate binds.5 Higher concentrations of enzyme give rise to ahigher turnover number.6 Enzymes that undergo cooperative allosteric tran-sitions invariably consist of symmetric assemblies of mul-tiple subunits.7 Continual addition and removal of phosphatesby protein kinases and protein phosphatases is wastefulof energy—since their combined action consumes ATP—but it is a necessary consequence of effective regulation byphosphorylation.
Proteins
We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.
Protein Expression
The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.
Which statements are true? Explain why or why not.
1 Each strand in a β sheet is a helix with two amino
acids per turn.
2 Intrinsically disordered regions of proteins can be
identified using bioinformatic methods to search genes for
encoded amino acid sequences that possess high hydro-
phobicity and low net charge.
3 Loops of polypeptide that protrude from the sur-
face of a protein often form the binding sites for other mol-
ecules.
4 An enzyme reaches a maximum rate at high sub-
strate concentration because it has a fixed number of
active sites where substrate binds.
5 Higher concentrations of enzyme give rise to a
higher turnover number.
6 Enzymes that undergo cooperative allosteric tran-
sitions invariably consist of symmetric assemblies of mul-
tiple subunits.
7 Continual addition and removal of phosphates
by protein kinases and protein phosphatases is wasteful
of energy—since their combined action consumes ATP—
but it is a necessary consequence of effective regulation by
phosphorylation.
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