which one of the following statements is incorrect? a. temporal summation occurs when a single synaptic input is activated twice in succession, with the second postsynaptic potential occurring before the first postsynaptic potential is over. b. blocking voltage-gated k* channels in the presynaptic membrane of a typical chemical synapse is likely to reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released in response to a single action potential in the presynaptic axon. c. in the optic tectum of the hunting rattlesnake, spatial summation is used to combine inputs from visual and thermoreceptive layers in order to make a decision whether to strike at a mouse-like object. d. a single type of neurotransmitter can have different postsynaptic actions depending on the type of receptor to which it binds.

Q: If a pre-synaptic cell releases a large amount of excitatory neurotransmitter into the synaptic…

A: Neurons are excitable cells that are specialized to carry electrical signals, often across long…

Q: A neuron with a resting membrane potential of -75 mV receives multiple inputs giving rise to the…

A: The action potential is a condition of a nerve impulse or electrical activity when there is a…

Q: Put the following in the correct order. A. Neurotransmitter release B. Ca2+ entry into the…

A: Nerve cells called neurons are responsible for sending instructions throughout your body to perform…

Q: Photoreceptor cells form glutamatergic synapses onto bipolar cells and when photoreceptor cells are…

A: When photoreceptor cells are illuminated, they hyperpolarize due to the closure of cation channels.…

Q: Consider the circuit from Q5 (above). We want to add another inhibitory neuron to this circuit to…

A: An action potential is a rapid change in the electrical potential across the membrane of a neuronal…

Q: You have isolated a neurotoxin from a newly discovered snake species. When you administer the toxin…

A: The presynaptic and post synaptic neuron are the two interconnected neuron which can communicate…

Q: Imagine that scientists have just discovered a weird new marine tunicate at extreme depths of the…

A: A pacemaker is a medical device that uses electrical impulses to regulate and control the rhythm of…

Q: 1.1 What would be the effect of blocking neurotransmitter degradation on neurotransmitter…

A: Neurotransmitter Degradation -- Deactivation of enzymatic degradation ,changes the structure of the…

Q: Answer the following questions in regards to voltage-gated channels in the neuron: a. What is the…

A: The neurons are the functional units of the nervous system that helps in sensory and motor…

Q: Why doesn’t an action potential that is propagated down an axon go in the reverse direction

A: Introduction Neurons are the small cells or units which are responsible for conducting electrical…

Q: Why does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open more slowly than the…

A: Voltage-gated channels are specialized proteins that are essential for the generation and…

Q: exocytosis of GABA.  A. What anatomical part of a pre-synaptic neuron would be affected by this?…

A: Tetanus toxin is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of communication that happens from one neuron to another…

A: Answer: - Option a - Endocrine signalling (ex. hormones secreted into the bloodstream travel and…

Q: gradient is responsible for both the resting membrane potential and the action potential in the…

A: resting  neuron has a certai. voltage across its membrane called the resting membrane potential.

Q: Identify the following as properties of electrical synapses, chemical synapses, or both

A: Introduction : The brain is the organ that is central to the nervous system. The nerves throughout…

Q: Changes in intracellular Ca2+ is one of the main governing factors that determines the direction of…

A: Plasticity refers to the ability of the brain to change and adapt in response to various experiences…

Q: Is an action potential more or less likely when the consumption of the Fugu toxin and is stimulated…

A: An action potential is a rapid and brief electrical signal that is generated by nerve cells, or…

Q: As dopamine neurotransmitters are also responsible for producing feelings of euphoria (pleasure),…

A: Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause critical disability and…

Q: Both electrical and chemical synapses trigger passage of ions across the post-synaptic membrane. (i)…

A: Chemical synapses are connections between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell.…

Q: What is a typical value for an inhibitory post synaptic potential?  Why is it inhibitory?

A: An inhibitory post synaptic potential is a kind of synaptic potential that makes a postsynaptic…

Q: Select ALL statements that are TRUE regarding a drug that would inactivate the enzyme…

A: A drug that inactivates the enzyme called acetylcholinesterase is known as Acetylcholinesterase…

Q: Describe the molecular machinery required for neurotransmitter release at the synapse

A: The central nervous system (CNS) communicates with the different parts of the body by means of…

Q: Relatively high velocity (speed) action potential propagation is a feature of axons that have which…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: From an action potential traveling towards the presynaptic terminal to the potential change in the…

A: Ionotropic synaptic transmission This transmission involves the ionotropic receptors which are also…

Q: What effect would you expect an antagonist that targets the voltage sensing domain of perisynaptic…

A: Introduction  A neuron is a specialized cell that is the fundamental unit of the nervous system. It…

Q: In the hippocampus, when glutatmate is released into the synaptic cleft, but the postsynaptic cell…

A: Neurons are the basic structures and functional units of the nervous system. The axon or the…

Q: Ordinarily, a neuron’s trigger zone is activated before any other part ofan axon, so a wave of…

A: Nerve cells are electrically excitable cells that method and transmits information by electrical and…

Q: Consider three alpha-motor neurons of different sizes: small, medium and large. All three neurons…

A: Introduction Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system, which is responsible for…

Q: Suppose you are provided with an isolated nerve-muscle preparation in order to study synaptic…

A: Neurons are the components of the nervous system that are responsible for the generation and…

Q: In chemical synapses, neurons communicate with other neurons or skeletal muscles via…

A: Following are the steps in the neurotransmission in chemical synapses :- 1) synthesis of…

Q: Assume a neuron is at rest and the following changes happen: Step 1: Neurotransmitter binds to an…

A: Neurotransmitters are compounds secreted from neurons at the synapse. The neurotransmitters can…

Q: Which of the following neuronal changes is associated with short term synaptic strength? a. Changes…

A: Short-term plasticity (STP) also known as dynamical synapses in which synaptic capability changes…

Q: Propose reagents for the conversion of (B) to (C).

A: Amitriptyline, a derivative of dibenzocycloheptadiene is a tricyclic antidepressant that acts by…

Q: Organophosphate pesticides inhibit the action of acetylcholinesterase. What effect does this have in…

A: Organophosphate pesticides (OP) are broad-spectrum chemical compounds comprised of a phosphate…

Q: Describe at least 2 processes at the synapse that shift the effect of an action potential of a pre…

A: The action potential is a sudden and rapid change in the resting membrane potential (RMP) caused by…