Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Which one of the following genes encodes a transcription factor?
A. myc
B. ras
C. erbB
D. A and C
E. A, B, and C
Transcription factor or TF is also referred to as sequence-specific DNA-binding factor in molecular biology. It is a protein that mainly regulates the rate of transcription of genes from DNA to mRNA via binding to a particular sequence. The main role of these factors is to regulate genes to make sure that they are expressed in a correct sequence. These factors work in coordination with each other to direct cell growth, cell death and cell division. Also, regulate cell organization and migration during the embryonic development. They work by repressing or activating the RNA polymerase. It is an enzyme that helps in transcription of genetic information.
Some major example of transcription factors:
- SP-1
- AP-1
- C/EBP
- ATF/CREB
- NF-1
- c-Myc
- heat shock factor
- Oct-1
Myc is basically a family of proto-oncogenes and regulator genes that code for the transcription factors. It has three human genes: c-myc, n-myc and l-myc. c-myc is the first gene to be identified in the family.
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