Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Spin State Question on Coordination Complexes
**Question:**
Which one of the following complexes has a spin of S = 2?
**Options:**
A. *trans*-Ni(H₂O)₄Cl₂
B. [Co(CN)₆]³⁻
C. *fac*-[FeCl₃Br₃]⁴⁻
D. Δ-[Mn(en)₃]²⁺
#### Explanation and Solution:
To determine the spin state (S = 2) of a coordination complex, one must consider the electronic configuration and ligands of the central metal ion. The spin state is influenced by the number of unpaired electrons in the d-orbital.
1. **Option A: *trans*-Ni(H₂O)₄Cl₂**
- Central metal: Ni (Nickel)
- Oxidation state and electron configuration need to be determined.
2. **Option B: [Co(CN)₆]³⁻**
- Central metal: Co (Cobalt)
- Known to form low-spin complexes with strong field ligands like CN⁻.
3. **Option C: *fac*-[FeCl₃Br₃]⁴⁻**
- Central metal: Fe (Iron)
- Mixed halide ligands wit\( \h getting the specific coordination geometry.
4. **Option D: Δ-[Mn(en)₃]²⁺**
- Central metal: Mn (Manganese)
- En stands for ethylenediamine, a bidentate ligand that typically forms high-spin complexes.
The goal is to identify the complex with a total spin \( \text{S} = 2 \), corresponding to having 4 unpaired electrons. The key is to understand the high-spin or low-spin nature of each complex, given the crystal field splitting and the nature of the ligands.
**Graph Explanation:**
This problem does not include graphs or diagrams, but a common way to solve such questions involves the use of crystal field splitting diagrams, which visually demonstrate the arrangement of electrons in the high-spin or low-spin states depending on the ligand field strength.
By applying the crystal field theory and analyzing the options, one can determine which complex fits the criteria of having 4 unpaired electrons, leading to a spin state \( \text{S} = 2 \).
Detailed](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5dfcff76-5646-42a0-b45c-1f5ea8195891%2F615cae9a-f7d1-48d0-b0a3-6b739453efe9%2Fjoehiei_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Spin State Question on Coordination Complexes
**Question:**
Which one of the following complexes has a spin of S = 2?
**Options:**
A. *trans*-Ni(H₂O)₄Cl₂
B. [Co(CN)₆]³⁻
C. *fac*-[FeCl₃Br₃]⁴⁻
D. Δ-[Mn(en)₃]²⁺
#### Explanation and Solution:
To determine the spin state (S = 2) of a coordination complex, one must consider the electronic configuration and ligands of the central metal ion. The spin state is influenced by the number of unpaired electrons in the d-orbital.
1. **Option A: *trans*-Ni(H₂O)₄Cl₂**
- Central metal: Ni (Nickel)
- Oxidation state and electron configuration need to be determined.
2. **Option B: [Co(CN)₆]³⁻**
- Central metal: Co (Cobalt)
- Known to form low-spin complexes with strong field ligands like CN⁻.
3. **Option C: *fac*-[FeCl₃Br₃]⁴⁻**
- Central metal: Fe (Iron)
- Mixed halide ligands wit\( \h getting the specific coordination geometry.
4. **Option D: Δ-[Mn(en)₃]²⁺**
- Central metal: Mn (Manganese)
- En stands for ethylenediamine, a bidentate ligand that typically forms high-spin complexes.
The goal is to identify the complex with a total spin \( \text{S} = 2 \), corresponding to having 4 unpaired electrons. The key is to understand the high-spin or low-spin nature of each complex, given the crystal field splitting and the nature of the ligands.
**Graph Explanation:**
This problem does not include graphs or diagrams, but a common way to solve such questions involves the use of crystal field splitting diagrams, which visually demonstrate the arrangement of electrons in the high-spin or low-spin states depending on the ligand field strength.
By applying the crystal field theory and analyzing the options, one can determine which complex fits the criteria of having 4 unpaired electrons, leading to a spin state \( \text{S} = 2 \).
Detailed
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