Which of the following statements is correct of BOTH haemoglobin and myoglobin? A. Acidic conditions increase the affinity for oxygen. B. The iron atom of the heme prosthetic group is bound to nitrogen atoms at five of six coordination sites. C. Four oxygen molecules bind to each subunit. D. Quaternary structure is found in both haemoglobin and myoglobin. E. Both haemoglobin and myoglobin show the same oxygen binding affinity at different oxygen partial pressures.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
![3. Which of the following statements is correct of BOTH haemoglobin and myoglobin?
A. Acidic conditions increase the affinity for oxygen.
B. The iron atom of the heme prosthetic group is bound to nitrogen atoms at five of six
coordination sites.
C. Four oxygen molecules bind to each subunit.
D. Quaternary structure is found in both haemoglobin and myoglobin.
E. Both haemoglobin and myoglobin show the same oxygen binding affinity at different
oxygen partial pressures.
4. The Shine Dalgarno sequence is
A. located in the 50S subunit of ribosome.
B. located on the 16S 1RNA component of the 30S subunit of ribosome.
C. a sequence upstream of the AUG initiation codon on mRNA.
D. a DNA consensus sequence in the promoter region of a gene.
E. a signal for transcription termination.
5. Which of the following molecules has RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity?
A. DNA polymerase I
B. DNA polymerase III
C. RNA polymerase
D. Ligase
E. Telomerase
6. Paracrine signaling is characterized by ligands that are
A. produced by the cell itself
B. secreted by neighboring cells
C. secreted by distant cells
D. transported to distant cells
E. secreted in inactive form
7. Sickle cell disease results from a point mutation of the
A. a-globin of guanine for glutamine
B. B-globin of valine for glutamate
C. B-globin of histidine for glycine
D. y-globin of proline for tyrosine
E. y-globin of glutamate for guanine
8. SH2 domains in relay proteins specifically bind to
A. Ga-GTP
В. Са+ ions
С. САМР
D. glucagon
E. phosphorylated tyrosine residues in receptor tyrosine kinase](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc2119b75-3ba1-4912-92ac-d29afab47a20%2F0145a0cf-536f-4895-9923-e9a1d78f433c%2Fankz29_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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