Which of the following statements accurately describes electrons? Multiple Choice They are found inside the nucleus and have a positive charge. They are in orbitals outside
Which of the following statements accurately describes electrons? Multiple Choice They are found inside the nucleus and have a positive charge. They are in orbitals outside
Which of the following statements accurately describes electrons? Multiple Choice They are found inside the nucleus and have a positive charge. They are in orbitals outside
Which of the following statements accurately describes electrons?
Multiple Choice
They are found inside the nucleus and have a positive charge.
They are in orbitals outside the nucleus and have a positive charge.
They are found inside the nucleus and have a negative charge.
They are in orbitals outside the nucleus and have a negative charge.
Which of the following has the smallest mass?
Multiple Choice
An electron
An atomic nucleus
A proton
A neutron
When diagramming an atom, the innermost shell is filled with ______ electrons.
Multiple Choice
two
six
eight
tenAnything that has mass and occupies space is considered to be ________.
Within the periodic table, elements are organized consecutively by
Multiple Choice
atomic mass within columns.
atomic mass within rows.
atomic number within columns.
atomic number within rows.
On the periodic table, beryllium sits above magnesium and to the right of lithium. Given that magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell and lithium has one, how many electrons would you predict beryllium has in its outer shell?
Multiple Choice
One
Two
Three
Four
Ions with a negative charge are called ______.
Fill in the blank
An atom with a positive or negative charge is known as a(n) ________.
Fill in the blank
In the formation of an ionic bond between Na and Cl to form common table salt, sodium (Na) _____ an electron and chlorine (Cl) _____ an electron.
Multiple Choice
loses; gains
gains; loses
loses; also loses
gains; also gains
If an ionic compound formed between an element from the first column of the periodic table and another from the sixth column, you would expect the compound to include
Multiple Choice
one atom from each of the two elements.
one atom from the first-column element and two atoms from the sixth-column element.
two atoms from the first-column element and one atom from the sixth-column element.
three atoms from the first-column element and two from the sixth-column element.
Which of the following are among the top four most common elements in the human body?
Check All That Apply
CarbonCarbon
SulfurSulfur
OxygenOxygen
Phosphorus
An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as
Multiple Choice
strong and intramolecular.
strong and intermolecular.
weak and intramolecular.
Multiple Choice
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Carbon
Calcium
What is the number of covalent bonds that an atom of nitrogen can form within a molecule?
Multiple Choice
1
2
3
4
Phospholipids are described as
Multiple Choice
polar.
nonpolar.
amphipathic.
amphiprotic.
Fatty acids in soap have a polar end and a nonpolar end. Which of the following best describes these molecules?
Multiple Choice
Amphipathic
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Charged
Which statement accurately describes isomers?
Multiple Choice
They possess differing numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
They have the same molecular shape but involve different elements.
They have the same structural formula but different molecular formulas.
They have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
They have gained or lost electrons at their outer shell.
Item 18
Water has a
Multiple Choice
high specific heat, and this tends to cause large amounts of sweating.
high specific heat, and this tends to keep body temperature relatively constant.
low specific heat, and this tends to lead to variability in body temperature.
low specific heat, and this tends to minimize sweating.
low specific heat, and this tends to result in chills and shivering.
Surfactant is necessary to prevent collapse of the alveoli in the lung because in its absence water molecules
Multiple Choice
vaporize and take up much less space.
are more strongly attracted to each other by van der Waals forces.
are more strongly attracted to each other by cohesive forces.
congregate around nearby proteins to which they adhere
weak and intermolecular.
Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?
a. carbon
b. nitrogen
c. oxygen
d. hydrogen
e. calcium
The amount of energy (measured in calories) required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is known as ____________.
Fill in the blank
The hydrogen bonds in a sample of water result in ________ cohesion and a _____ heat of vaporization.
Multiple Choice
increased; high
increased; low
decreased; high
decreased; low
Compared to a solution with a pH of 7, a solution with a pH of 4 is
Multiple Choice
more acidic and has a 1,000-fold increase in [H+].
more acidic and has a 300-fold increase in [H+].
more basic and has a 1,000-fold increase in [H+].
more basic and has a 300-fold increase in [H+].
more basic and has a 300-fold decrease in [H+].
o neutralize a base, a(n) ________ must be added.
Multiple Choice
acid
buffer
weak base
hydroxide ion
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is a
Multiple Choice
strong proton donor.
strong proton acceptor.
weak proton donor.
weak proton acceptor.
When the pH of an acidic solution is brought to 7.0, that change is called __________.
Fill in the blank
Definition Definition Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely identifies an element, as the number of protons determines the element's properties. The periodic table of elements is arranged based on increasing atomic numbers, allowing scientists to easily locate and study elements.
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