Which of the following evaluation metrics can be used to evaluate a model with categorical output variable with exactly two categories? (check all that apply) ☐ specificity (true negative rate) ☐ accuracy (proportion of correctly predicted outputs) deviance O AUC and ROC ☐ false positive rate root mean squared error ☐ sensitivity (true positive rate, recall) ☐ cross-entropy
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- The output for linear regression analysis has multiple numbers. How can we interpret the output? Can you share some hints.You trained the regression model with 100 regressors and 1000 observations in the training and another 1000 in the test sample. You found that in-sample R2 over the training sample is 70% and the out-of-sample R2 over the test sample only - 30%. (select all that apply) a) Do you think there is any problem and how would you characterize it? Can adding more regressors (if you have them) help the model? b) Which approaches you may use to solve the problem? c) What would you expect the in-sample R2 to increase or decrease after that? What about the out-of-sample (test) R2?Why is RMSE generally the preferred performance measure for regression tasks? A. Because it gives an idea of the average percentage deviation of the predictions from the actual values. B. Because it gives an idea of the average absolute deviation of the predictions from the actual values. C. Because it gives an idea of how much error the system typically makes in its predictions, with a higher weight given to large errors. D. Because it gives an idea of the average deviation of the predictions from the actual values.
- You are working on a spam classification system using regularized logistic regression. "Spam" is a positive class (y = 1)and "not spam" is the negative class (y=0). You have trained your classifier and there are m= 1000 examples in the cross-validation set. The chart of predicted class vs. actual class is: Predicted class: 1 Predicted class: 0 Actual class: 1 85 15 For reference: Accuracy = (true positives + true negatives)/(total examples) Precision = (true positives)/(true positives + false positives) Recall = (true positives)/ (true positives + false negatives) F1 score = (2* precision * recall)/(precision + recall) What is the classifier's F1 score (as a value from 0 to 1)? Write all steps Use the editor to format your answer Actual class: 0 890 10Question 48. Let us return to the Titanic data set. We now have learned several models and want to choose the best one. We used three different methods to validate these models: The training error rate (apparent error rate), the error rate on an external test set and the error rate estimated by a 10-fold cross validation. Training Error | Error on the test set | Cross Validation Error 0.18 Learner Decision Tree 0.22 0.21 Random Forest 0.01 0.10 0.12 1-Nearest-Neighbour 0.18 0.19 Which of the following statements are correct? a) 1-Nearest-Neighbour has a perfect training error and hence it should be used here. b) Random Forests outperforms both 1-Nearest-Neighbour and the Decision Tree in terms of prediction error. c) Not just in this case, but in general, Cross Validation is the better validation strategy and should always be preferred over the error on a single test set. d) Not just in this case, but in general, Decision Trees always perform worse than Random Forests.A threshold of total variability explained has been set at 85%. How many principal components must you select?
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