The image shows two chemical structures, each with a positively charged carbon depicted by a "+" symbol inside a circle, indicating a carbocation.1. **First Structure (Top):** - A tertiary carbocation is present. The positively charged carbon is bonded to three other carbon atoms, forming a Y-shaped structure.2. **Second Structure (Bottom):** - A secondary carbocation is present. The positively charged carbon is bonded to two other carbons, forming a V-shaped structure.Each structure is accompanied by a bullet point indicating it may be part of a multiple-choice question or comparison. There is no additional text or labeling. Title: Stability of CationsQuestion: "Which of the following cations is least stable?"Diagram Explanation:1. **First Cation:** - Structure: An open chain with a positively charged carbon atom. - Description: The structure appears to be a branched alkyl chain.2. **Second Cation:** - Structure: A five-membered cyclic ring with a positively charged carbon atom. - Description: This is likely a cyclopentyl cation.3. **Third Cation:** - Structure: A branched chain with a positively charged carbon atom. - Description: A propyl cation with branching at the charged center.Instructions: - Analyze the structures to determine which cation exhibits the least stability based on factors such as hyperconjugation, inductive effects, and resonance.Discussion:Consider the stability factors for carbocations, such as the degree of substitution, resonance stabilization, and ring strain.

As the number of Alpha H increases, stability of carbon cation increases

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Which of the following cations is least stable?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

The image shows two chemical structures, each with a positively charged carbon depicted by a "+" symbol inside a circle, indicating a carbocation.

1. **First Structure (Top):**
- A tertiary carbocation is present. The positively charged carbon is bonded to three other carbon atoms, forming a Y-shaped structure.

2. **Second Structure (Bottom):**
- A secondary carbocation is present. The positively charged carbon is bonded to two other carbons, forming a V-shaped structure.

Each structure is accompanied by a bullet point indicating it may be part of a multiple-choice question or comparison. There is no additional text or labeling.

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