Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Concept explainers
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Question
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Which isotonic has largest radius?
![**Multiple Choice Question: Electron Configuration**
Which of the following ions has the electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p⁶?
- ○ Mn⁺⁷
- ○ Sc⁺³
- ○ Ti⁺⁴
- ● P⁻³
- ○ S⁻²
**Explanation:**
In this multiple-choice question, learners are tasked with identifying which of the given ions possesses an electron configuration equivalent to [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
**Answer:**
The correct answer is P⁻³.
**Reasoning:**
- **Mn⁺⁷**: Manganese in its +7 oxidation state removes seven electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d⁵, not matching [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
- **Sc⁺³**: Scandium in its +3 oxidation state removes three electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d¹.
- **Ti⁺⁴**: Titanium in its +4 oxidation state removes four electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d².
- **P⁻³**: Phosphorus gains three electrons, moving from [Ne]3s²3p³ to [Ne]3s²3p⁶, corresponding to the argon configuration.
- **S⁻²**: Sulfur gains two electrons to achieve the electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
**Conclusion:**
Phosphorus when it becomes P⁻³ anion achieves the electron configuration which matches the noble gas configuration [Ne]3s²3p⁶. This is the correct choice, indicating an expanded understanding of electron configurations in ions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F7ea581ae-cff7-44c5-97bc-c00c93c4e377%2Fc57ba716-30d5-4743-8c75-f616ef25889e%2Fof1arzs_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Multiple Choice Question: Electron Configuration**
Which of the following ions has the electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p⁶?
- ○ Mn⁺⁷
- ○ Sc⁺³
- ○ Ti⁺⁴
- ● P⁻³
- ○ S⁻²
**Explanation:**
In this multiple-choice question, learners are tasked with identifying which of the given ions possesses an electron configuration equivalent to [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
**Answer:**
The correct answer is P⁻³.
**Reasoning:**
- **Mn⁺⁷**: Manganese in its +7 oxidation state removes seven electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d⁵, not matching [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
- **Sc⁺³**: Scandium in its +3 oxidation state removes three electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d¹.
- **Ti⁺⁴**: Titanium in its +4 oxidation state removes four electrons from its ground state configuration [Ar]4s²3d².
- **P⁻³**: Phosphorus gains three electrons, moving from [Ne]3s²3p³ to [Ne]3s²3p⁶, corresponding to the argon configuration.
- **S⁻²**: Sulfur gains two electrons to achieve the electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p⁶.
**Conclusion:**
Phosphorus when it becomes P⁻³ anion achieves the electron configuration which matches the noble gas configuration [Ne]3s²3p⁶. This is the correct choice, indicating an expanded understanding of electron configurations in ions.
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