Neutral Amino Acids
Amino acids which do not have any charge on them are neutral amino acids.
Globular Protein
The globular proteins refer to the shape of protein specifically spherical in nature apart from spherical form fibrous, disordered and membrane-bound proteins exist. These globular proteins are miscible in water and form a colloidal solution rather than other types which might not exhibit solubility. Many classes of the fold are found in globular proteins, which render them a sphere shape. Globular fold containing proteins usually are referred to by the term globin.
Dimer
Dimers are basic organic compounds, which are derivates of oligomers. It is formed by the combination of two monomers which could potentially be strong or weak and in most cases covalent or intermolecular in nature. Identical monomers are called homodimer, the non-identical dimers are called heterodimer. The method by which dimers are formed is known as “dimerization”.
Dipeptide
A dipeptide is considered a mixture of two distinct amino acids. Since the amino acids are distinct, based on their composition, two dipeptide's isomers can be produced. Various dipeptides are biologically essential and are therefore crucial to industry.
![### Educational Content - Cofactor Functions in Biochemical Reactions
**Question:**
Which cofactor(s) transfer single carbon groups in their most oxidized form (select all that apply)?
**Options:**
- [ ] NADPH
- [ ] THF
- [ ] PLP
- [ ] FAD
- [ ] SAM
- [ ] Biotin
### Explanation of Terms and Options:
1. **NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate):**
- Typically involved in anabolic reactions, this cofactor does not usually participate in the transfer of single carbon groups in their most oxidized form.
2. **THF (Tetrahydrofolate):**
- Known for its role in transferring single carbon units in various oxidation states, including oxidized forms like formyl and methenyl groups.
3. **PLP (Pyridoxal phosphate):**
- Primarily involved in amino acid metabolism, it does not typically transfer single carbon groups in oxidized forms.
4. **FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide):**
- Participates in redox reactions but does not specifically transfer single carbon groups.
5. **SAM (S-Adenosyl methionine):**
- Functions mainly as a methyl group donor and does not transfer single carbon groups in their oxidized form.
6. **Biotin:**
- Acts as a cofactor for carboxylation enzymes, which implies the transfer of CO2 (a carbon group in its most oxidized form).
### Correct Answer:
- [x] Biotin
- [x] THF
These cofactors, Biotin and Tetrahydrofolate (THF), are responsible for transferring single carbon groups in their most oxidized forms.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F24b1d657-8a50-4e7c-90a8-6e71b5a64daf%2F9a52ff7c-3d37-4c8f-8456-822427c924c9%2Fhfso1iv_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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