### Question: When the difference in pH across the membrane of a glass electrode at 25 °C is 3.75 pH units, how much voltage is generated by the pH gradient?### Options:- A. Not Enough Information to Determine- B. 222 mV- C. 180 mV- D. 273 mV- E. 0.222 mV- F. 0.273 mV- G. 3.75 mV### Explanation:This question is about calculating the voltage generated by a pH difference across a membrane. The relationship between pH difference and voltage can be determined using the Nernst equation for an ion-selective electrode. At 25 °C, the theoretical change in voltage per pH unit for a hydrogen ion concentration cell is approximately 59.16 mV. To find out the voltage generated by a pH difference of 3.75, you would calculate:\[ \text{Voltage (mV)} = 59.16 \times \text{pH difference} \]Substitute the given difference:\[ \text{Voltage (mV)} = 59.16 \times 3.75 \] Calculating this will give the correct answer.

At 25 C, the voltage generated by pH electrode is 59.16 mV for every pH unit change across the membrane.Given that , pH change across the membrane= 3.75 Voltage generated= 59.16 X 3.75 mv = 221.85 mv = 222 mv Hence, option B is correct

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When the difference in pH across the membrane of a glass electrode at 25 °C is 3.75 pH units, how much voltage is generated by the gradient? A. Not Enough Information to Determine B. 222 mV O C. 180 mV OD. 273 mV E. 0.222 mV F. 0.273 mV O G. 3.75 mV

When the difference in pH across the membrane of a glass electrode at 25 °C is 3.75 pH units, how much voltage is generated by the gradient? A. Not Enough Information to Determine B. 222 mV O C. 180 mV OD. 273 mV E. 0.222 mV F. 0.273 mV O G. 3.75 mV

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.

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