Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
When is the transformation factor used?
According to Griffith's experiments, based on the bacterial transformation through the Streptococcus pneumoniae ''S" and "R" strains (S- strains are the smooth but virulent strains, R-strains are the Rough but non-virulent strains) Griffith, tried that the S-Strains gives the infection and the lab animal leads to death whereas the R- strain won't produce any death to the lab animal; but the heat-killed S -strains combined with the R- strain given to the lab animal lead the animal to death.
S-strain only represent = Death
S+R strain represent = Death
R-strain only represent = Alive
From the Griffith Experiment Avery studied which material of the Bacteria transformed to cause the changes. So, he took both the Strains (Heat killed "S" and live "R") and mixed the components of both the strain, and those components are treated with different enzymes and chemicals; after treatment with the enzymes, the components are introduced to the "R" strain, revealed that the DNA is the Genetic Material which transformed from one bacterium to the another.
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