When a powerful laser is employed in the Earth's atmosphere, the accompanying electric field may ionize the air, transforming it into a plasma that reflects the laser light. Electric breakdown occurs in dry air at 0°C and 1 atm when field amplitudes above around 3:00 Mv/m a). At this maximum intensity, how much Power can a cylindrical beam with a diameter of 4.03 mm deliver? Note Answer must be in W.
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- J. J. Thomson is best known for his discoveries about the nature of cathode rays. His other important contribution was the invention, together with one of his students, of the mass spectrometer, a device that measures the ratio of mass m to (positive) charge q of an ion. The spectrometer consists of two regions as shown in the figure. (Figure 1) In the first region an electric field accelerates the ion and in the second the ion follows a circular arc in a magnetic field. The radius of curvature of the arc can be measured and then the m/q ratio can be Figure V B • Part A Find the ratio m/q for this particle. Express your answer numerically in kilograms per coulomb. View Available Hint(s) After being accelerated to a speed of 1.21x105 m/s, the particle enters a uniform magnetic field of strength 0.700 T and travels in a circle of radius 35.0 cm (determined by observing where it hits the screen as shown in the figure). The results of this experiment allow one to find m/q. m/q= Submit…In my laboratory, if I notice my vacuum system has a leak to atmosphere, I use a mass spectrometer to find the leak. I connect my vacuum system to the mass spectrometer, and spray my systems walls with helium. If the mass spectrometer reads helium when I spray a particular wall of my system, I can pinpoint where the leak is. Suppose an ionized helium atom has a mass of 6.6 x 10^-27 kg and a speed of 4.4 x 10 ^5 m/s as it moves into the mass spectrometer. It moves perpendicular to a .75 T magnetic field on a circular path that has a .012-m radius. Determine whether the charge of the ionized atom is +e or +2e.The Hall affect is used to measure the carrier density of a thin sheet of electrons. When a current of 80.0 µA flows through the length of the electron sheet, which is 1.2-mm long, 0.27- mm wide and 12-nm thick, a magnetic field perpendicular to the sheet produces a potential difference of 0.53 mV across the width of the sheet. If the carrier density in the electron sheet is 6.74 x 1025 m-3, what is the magnitude of the magnetic field?
- An argon-ion laser produces a cylindrical beam of light whose average power is 0.743 W. How much energy is contained in a 3.17-m length of the beam? Number Units → Ltake ur time plsMammography is an x-ray imaging procedure for breast cancer diagnosis and screening. Assume that 20ke V x-ray is used in mammography. Also assume that the breast of a patient is 6 cm in thickness (soft tissue), and the propagation speed of x-ray photons in soft tissue is about the same as in vacuum. How long will it take for x- ray photons to travel through the breast?