Q: What are the characteristics of the cleavage embryo?
A: Answer : Cleavage is the mitotic division in which the daughter cells are formed from the parent cel...
Q: B. What effect would the loss of nitrogen fixers have on the nitrogen cycle and the world? Justify y...
A: Atmospheric nitrogen is abundant but plants cannot utilize it directly without fixing it and here wh...
Q: Give the elongation factors used in bacterial translation and explain the role played by each factor...
A: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled life forms that exist in their millions, in each climate, bo...
Q: SMC proteins and SCC1 forming a ring-like structure to hold the sister chromatids. * True O False
A: INTRODUCTION SMC proteins Structural maintenance of chromosome protein helps in the successful chrom...
Q: Honeybees have 36 chromosomes in their somatic cells. How many chromosomes would the egg of a queen ...
A: Introduction A chromosome is a lengthy DNA molecule that contains part or all of an organism's genet...
Q: What is the importance of detecting common ancestry?
A: Common ancestry is a term within evolutionary biology which refers to the common ancestry of a parti...
Q: Define the Regulation of gene expression in bacteria
A: Genes can be found in all cells. Genes are the carriers of information on hereditary material. The D...
Q: Groodies are useful (but fictional) haploid organisms that are pure genetic tools. A wild-type grood...
A: The groodies that are having a very long tail and also have flagella and are not fat are 44 in numbe...
Q: Explain the Jacob and Monod’s operon theory ?
A: Genes are located on chromosomes and code for polypeptides.
Q: Why does a eukaryotic cell need both membranous organelles and fibrous cytoskeletal components? Just...
A: The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which carries well-defined chr...
Q: How did the bacteria maintain its homeostasis when homeostatic disturbance occur. Explain your answ...
A: The bacteria are classified according to the chemical nature of cell wall into Gram positive and Gra...
Q: Which would be worse for an organism? Briefly explain your answer. B. The spliceosome can no longer ...
A: Cell is the basic and fundamental unit of life. Survibility of life depend upon individual cells whi...
Q: Compare the roles of the glycocalyx, extracellular matrix, and cell wall.
A: All living organisms are made up of cells, which are basic membrane-bound units that contain the bas...
Q: How do the structure and function of rough ER differ from those of smooth ER?
A: The endoplasmic reticulum is membrane bound organelle consisting of delicate branching and anastomos...
Q: Using Venn diagram, differentiate Greeks and Muslim science
A: The Greek science didn't related to modern science . Greek science was transmitted to the Islamic sc...
Q: How will the offspring be affected if one of the gametes or one of the parents carries an impaired n...
A: Any syndrome marked by deformities or malfunctions in any of the body's systems and caused by an abe...
Q: What is the diameter of the field of view (DFV) of a 40x objective lens in the DFV of a 10x objectiv...
A: When looking into the eyepiece lens, the field diameter is simply the number of millimeters or micro...
Q: Are ciliates capable of changing their shape? Why?
A: CILIATES Ciliates are most intense and diversified group. They are unicellular organisms with the f...
Q: What are possible prevention of extinction that we can do alone?
A: Extinction: It is defined as dying out extermination of a species. It happens when a species dies o...
Q: What is the answer to the question: "What is the minimum size of a cell for carrying out all of life...
A: Metazoa is a phylum of multicellular eukaryotes that includes heterotrophic creatures in a monophyle...
Q: Seeds are mature_____ ; fruits are mature_____ . a. ovaries; ovules c. ovules; ovaries b. ovules; st...
A: The embryonic stage of a plant's life is represented by the seed. The embryo (immature seed), endosp...
Q: This was one of Galileo’s observations? A. Venus goes through phases B. Our sun orbits the center ...
A: Galileo's discoveries supported that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe.
Q: What are the effects of greenhouse in plants?
A: Greenhouse gases provide warmth and humidity which promotes plant growth.They also increase the rate...
Q: 5. Describe the difference between how identical twins and fraternal twins (non-identical) produced ...
A: Introduction :- The term "twins" refers to two children born from the same pregnancy and delivery. M...
Q: B.Use the simple flow chart on the next page to outline the basic procedure of geneticengineeringin ...
A: Genetic engineering is the process by which we make hybrid cell which is having better characters an...
Q: In what ways do the functions of the cytoskeleton differ from those of the endomembrane system?
A: Introduction: Cells are the fundamental unit of life. They are modified in different ways to carry o...
Q: Which group of the following is probably the least likely to have the harmful Tay Sachs alleles toda...
A: Tay Sachs disease or GM2 gangliosidosis occurs when a child inherits a mutation in the HEXA gene fr...
Q: A strain of Neurospora with the genotype H ⋅ I is crossedwith a strain with the genotype h ⋅ i. Half...
A: Recombination of genes during meiosis occurs by the process of crossover.
Q: How are symplast apoplast and the casparian strip interconnected with each other?
A: The pericycle, a cell layer just inside the endodermis, is where the secondary root is formed. The C...
Q: when viewing an organism under the 40x objective lens, you estimate that 6 organims could fit across...
A: 40x objective lens are high powered objective lens which is used to observe fine details in a specim...
Q: Why did Galton modify the quincunx? a.Because the distribution of a trait (e.g., height) in offsprin...
A: Galton board or quincunx is developed by Sir Francis Galton. It demonstrate the binomial and normal...
Q: Can you explain why people “cursed” by shamans or “witch doctors” sometimes actually die?
A: ANSWER: Shamanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman) interacting with wha...
Q: Virology: Why do cells express viral receptors if it allows them to be infected?
A: Introduction :- In viral host range, tissue tropism, and viral pathogenesis, virus–receptor interact...
Q: Compare the pattern of early growth that occurs in eudicots andmonocots after germination
A: The embryonic stage of a plant's life is represented by the seed. The embryo (immature seed), endosp...
Q: You have a starter culture containing 8 x 109 cells per mL, from which you take 10 mL to inoculate a...
A: The generation time of culture is considered to be the time at which it doubles and the mean growth ...
Q: what are the reasons for the occurence of codominance and incomplete dominance traits?
A: Codominance is a term that refers to the link between two variants of a gene. Individuals inherit on...
Q: Write a short note on Therapeutic Lifestyle Change ?
A: The term lifestyle can be referred to as a specific way of living that is utilized by the human bein...
Q: SR proteins are essential to proper spliceosome assembly and are known to take part in the regulatio...
A: Spliceosomes are massive ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes found largely in eukaryotic cells' nuclei...
Q: 2. a) In the diagram of DNA below (Figure 4), a DNA strandis unwinding and new strands of DNA are fo...
A: The unwinding of DNA helix takes place with the help of enzyme DNA helicase. Addition of nucleotides...
Q: In the trp operon, what happens to the trp repressor in the absence of tryptophan?a. It binds to the...
A: An operon is a DNA unit that contains a cluster of genes controlled by a single promoter. The genes ...
Q: What is the difference between a structural gene and a regulator gene? a. Structural genes are tran...
A: The fundamental morphological and physiological unit of heredity is the gene. DNA makes up genes. So...
Q: Choose a reproductive biotechnology explain the basic process that is used, and, using à felevant ex...
A: Reproductive Biotechnology : It encompasses all current and anticipated uses of technology in human ...
Q: Explain how the ANS coordinates the activities of different organs.
A: ANS is autonomic nervous system part of a peripheral nervous system.
Q: Klariz, a 28-year-old woman with type o blood and Ricci, a 30-year-old man with type AB blood are ex...
A: Monohybrid cross is a type of genetic cross between individuals.
Q: What is the rationale behind the cleavage stages undergone by the early embryo?
A: Cleavage: The series of synchronized mitotic cell divisions of the fertilized egg that results in th...
Q: Describe the similarities and the differences between oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Provide enough ...
A: Oogenesis and spermatogenesis are the process of formation of male and female gametes. The fertiliza...
Q: Give an example of application of recombinant DNA in the following fields: crop production, medicine...
A: Answer - Recombinant DNA (r DNA) is a technique by which we cut and paste DNA sequence of interest u...
Q: What is the importance of detecting common ancestry?
A: The ancestry is the term which Is used in biology for the individuals with whom a population is rela...
Q: What events bring about the termination of translation?
A: Introduction: Translation is the process of polymerization of amino acids to form a polypeptide. the...
Q: hat is the importance of detecting common ancestry
A:
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- Results from a Kirby Bauer antibiotic assay on a Gram-negative bacterial culture are described as follows: A) the bacterium is resistant to penicillin, an antibiotic that targets synthesis of the peptidoglycan cell wall and B) the bacterium is resistant to tetracycline, an antibiotic that targets the small subunit of the ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis. Which of the results represents intrinsic resistant and which represents acquired resistants?What is the underlying molecular mechanism of action for the antibiotic novobiocin?What is the action mechanism of the antibiotic penicillin?
- Various antimicrobial drugs to treat microbial infection have diverse mechanism of action. Consider the following antimicrobial drugs: A. Seconeolitsine, known as DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor in bacteria. (i) Explain briefly how inhibiting DNA topoisomerase I is a good mechanism of action for an antibiotic, include possible molecular machineries being targeted. (ii) What would be an appropriate response if seconeolitsine works well by stating the state of supercoiling in bacteria. (iii) To prove your answer (ii), you test the condition of bacterial DNA by running gel electrophoresis, one has been treated with seconeolitsine (+ sample) and the other one is not (- sample). Explain the position of each + sample and – sample band on the gel in reference to the point of origin (where you load your samples) or how far each DNA sample travel across agarose gel. (iv) Explain why you would expect answer (iii) for each + sample and – sample. B.…Why are structural analogs of sugar molecules (such as Oseltamivir and zanamivir) effective in treatment of influenza-virus infection?Which antiretroviral drug class does Zidovudine (AZT) belong to? a) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) b) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) c) Protease inhibitors d) Integrase inhibitors
- A bloactlve hexapeptide was cleaved by trypsln from a larger proteln. The peptlde was sequenced by treatment with varlous reagents and enzymes. The results are as follows: a) Treatment wlth cyanOgen bromlde gave a tetrapeptlde of compositlon asp, trp, cys and met. b) Treatment with chymotrypsln gave a tripeptlde of compositlon asp, trp and cys, a dipeptlde wlth the same C-term and an amlno acld. c) Treatment with streptococcal protease gave a dipeptlde and a tetrapeptlde. The composltion of the peptlde Is lys, trp, asp, cys and met 1. What Is the sequence of the hexapeptlde? 2. What is the pl of thls peptlde?What is a STEMI? What is the underlying mechanism of this?The ribosome is the target for many important antibiotics. These drugs must discriminate between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes to achieve drug specificity and toxicity. For the two common antibiotics below, what is their mechanism of action and why are they more toxic to bacteria than eukaryotes? a) Tetracycline b) Erythromycin
- 38) The following treatment(s) control bacterial growth by damaging the DNA structure of bacteria: a) Fluroquinolones b) UV light c) Radiation d) Rifamycin e) b & c39) The following treatment(s) stops transcription: a) Fluroquinolones b) UV light c) Radiation d) Rifamycin e) a & b40) Bacteria that grow optimally between the pH 5.5 – 8 are called: a) Acidophiles b) Neutrophiles c) Alkaliphiles d) Hydrophiles e) Nabilophiles41) All the following methods are physical ways for controlling bacterial growth except: a) chemotherapy b) Moist heat c) dry heat d) radiation e) low temperatures.42) Setting the autoclave time at the prescribed temperatures depending of what material you are autoclaving is called: a) D-Value b) Z-Value c) F-Value d) Autoclave Coefficient e) TValue43) A treatment that kills or removes all living cells, including viruses and spores, from a substance or objects is called: a) antiseptic b) sanitization c) disinfection d) chemotherapeutic e) sterilizatioWhich of the following can deaminate Adenine, changing it to hypoxanthine? A) base analogues B) intercalating agents C) UV light D) X-rays E) base modifiersWhat is application of D_serine?