please DEFINE your genotypic symbols, then list the most probable genotype of each of the individuals indicated.   Allele associated with the trait being studied:                         ________    Allele associated with the “normal” version of this trait:          __________   I-1: _________          I-2: ___________   II-1: ________          II-5-6: ________       II-13: ____________        II-14: _____________

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  • please DEFINE your genotypic symbols, then list the most probable genotype of each of the individuals indicated.

 

Allele associated with the trait being studied:                         ________ 

 

Allele associated with the “normal” version of this trait:          __________

 

I-1: _________          I-2: ___________

 

II-1: ________          II-5-6: ________       II-13: ____________        II-14: _____________     

### Pedigree Analysis

This diagram represents a **pedigree chart** used in the study of genetics to track the inheritance of traits through generations of a family. The following is an explanation of the chart's components and the information it conveys:

1. **Generations**: 
   - The chart is divided into two generations, labeled as **I** and **II**. 
   - Generation I includes the parents.
   - Generation II includes their children.

2. **Individuals**: 
   - Squares represent males.
   - Circles represent females.
   - Shaded shapes indicate individuals affected by a particular trait.
   - Unshaded shapes represent unaffected individuals.

3. **Connections**: 
   - Horizontal lines connecting a square and a circle represent a mating or marriage.
   - Vertical lines descending from the horizontal line represent the offspring.

### Detailed Explanation:
#### Generation I
- There are two individuals in Generation I. The male (square) is affected by the trait (shaded square) and is labeled as **1**.
- The female (circle) is unaffected by the trait (unshaded circle) and is labeled as **2**.

#### Generation II
- This generation has a total of 16 individuals. Each one is labeled with a number from 1 to 16 at the bottom of the chart.
- Affected individuals:
  - **Individual 1 (square)**, **Individual 4 (square)**, and **Individual 15 (square)** are affected by the trait.
- Unaffected individuals:
  - The remaining individuals are unaffected.
- Special symbols:
  - Some individuals have numbers within their symbols: 
    - Individual 3 (circle), Individual 2 (square), and Individual 2 (circle) contain numbers indicating possible annotations or specific details about these individuals, which might need further explanation in the context of the study.

This pedigree chart is integral for understanding genetic inheritance patterns, pinpointing carriers of a trait, and predicting the likelihood of the trait appearing in future generations. Understanding such diagrams is essential for genetic counseling, research, and education in genetics.
Transcribed Image Text:### Pedigree Analysis This diagram represents a **pedigree chart** used in the study of genetics to track the inheritance of traits through generations of a family. The following is an explanation of the chart's components and the information it conveys: 1. **Generations**: - The chart is divided into two generations, labeled as **I** and **II**. - Generation I includes the parents. - Generation II includes their children. 2. **Individuals**: - Squares represent males. - Circles represent females. - Shaded shapes indicate individuals affected by a particular trait. - Unshaded shapes represent unaffected individuals. 3. **Connections**: - Horizontal lines connecting a square and a circle represent a mating or marriage. - Vertical lines descending from the horizontal line represent the offspring. ### Detailed Explanation: #### Generation I - There are two individuals in Generation I. The male (square) is affected by the trait (shaded square) and is labeled as **1**. - The female (circle) is unaffected by the trait (unshaded circle) and is labeled as **2**. #### Generation II - This generation has a total of 16 individuals. Each one is labeled with a number from 1 to 16 at the bottom of the chart. - Affected individuals: - **Individual 1 (square)**, **Individual 4 (square)**, and **Individual 15 (square)** are affected by the trait. - Unaffected individuals: - The remaining individuals are unaffected. - Special symbols: - Some individuals have numbers within their symbols: - Individual 3 (circle), Individual 2 (square), and Individual 2 (circle) contain numbers indicating possible annotations or specific details about these individuals, which might need further explanation in the context of the study. This pedigree chart is integral for understanding genetic inheritance patterns, pinpointing carriers of a trait, and predicting the likelihood of the trait appearing in future generations. Understanding such diagrams is essential for genetic counseling, research, and education in genetics.
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  • What is the pattern of inheritance? Please Provide a specific reason that justifies your selection of this pattern of inheritance as the correct one, and also explain why each of the other two alternatives are not correct. As part of your answer, you must include the phenotypic ratio, including the sex of the offspring, that you would expect to find in each of the three possible scenarios.
  • Please specify whether this pattren of inheritance is (i) rare X-linked recessive, (ii) sex-influenced, or (iii) sex-limited. 
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