What is the mass of a single atom of each of the following elements? Note: Reference and use the values from the ALEKS periodic table and Fundamental constants table. Part 1 of 2 Round your answer to 4 significant digits. Ge g per Ge atom Part 2 of 2 Round your answer to 6 significant digits. Xe g per Xe atom 5 G

What is the mass of a single atom of each of the following elements? Note: Reference and use the values from the ALEKS periodic table and Fundamental constants table. Part 1 of 2 Round your answer to 4 significant digits. Ge g per Ge atom Part 2 of 2 Round your answer to 6 significant digits. Xe g per Xe atom 5 G

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

9th Edition

ISBN:9781337399425

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter4: Chemical Foundations: Elements, Atoms, And Ions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 75QAP: For the following processes that show the formation of ions, use the periodic table to indicate the...

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A cube of sodium has length 1.25 in. How many atoms are in that cube? (Note: dNa=0.968 g/cm3.)
The element europium exists in nature as two isotopes: 151Eu has a mass of 150.9196 u and 153Eu has a mass of 152.9209 u. The average atomic mass of europium is 151.96 u. Calculate the relative abundance of the two europium isotopes.
Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible.
Indium oxide contains 4.784 g of indium for every 1.000 g of oxygen. In 1869, when Mendeleev first presented his version of the periodic table, he proposed the formula In2O3 for indium oxide. Before that time it was thought that the formula was InO. What values for the atomic mass of indium are obtained using these two formulas? Assume that oxygen has an atomic mass of 16.00.
Chlorine has two isotopes, Cl-35 and Cl-37. Their abundances are 75.53% and 24.47%, respectively. Assume that the only hydrogen isotope present is H-1. (a) How many different HCI molecules are possible? (b) What is the sum of the mass numbers of the two atoms in each molecule? (c) Sketch the mass spectrum for HCI if all the positive ions are obtained by removing a single electron from an HCI molecule.
Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible. 21. Repeat Exercise 2.20 using an element that has three naturally occurring isotopes.
There are 1.699 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of chlorine. Assume that chlorine atoms are spheres of radius 0.99 and that they are lined up side by side in a 0.5-g sample. How many miles in length is the line of chlorine atoms in the sample?
The following chart shows a general decline in abundance with increasing mass among the first 30 elements. The decline continues beyond zinc. Notice that the scale on the vertical axis is logarithmic, that is, it progresses in powers of 10. The abundance of nitrogen, for example, is 1/10,000 (1/104) of the abundance of hydrogen. All abundances are plotted as the number of atoms per 102 atoms of H. (The fact that the abundances of Li, Be, and B, as well as those of the elements near Fe, do not follow the general decline is a consequence of the way that elements are synthesized in stars.) (a) What is the most abundant main group metal? (b) What is the most abundant nonmetal? (c) What is the most abundant metalloid? (d) Which of the transition elements is most abundant? (e) Which halogens are included on this plot, and which is the most abundant?
Early tables of atomic weights (masses) were generated by measuring the mass of a substance that reacts with 1.00 g of oxygen. Given the following data and taking the atomic mass of hydrogen as 1.00, generate a table of relative atomic masses for oxygen, sodium, and magnesium. Element Mass That Combines with 1.00g Oxygen Assumed Formula Hydrogen 0.126 g HO Sodium 2.875 g NaO Magnesium 1.500 g MgO How do your values compare with those in the periodic table? How do you account for any differences?
These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.
For bismuth (Bi), determine (a) the number of atoms in 0.243 g. (b) the mass of 139 protons.
Write the chemical formula of each of the following: a The compound made up of a crystal with two particles coming from chromium atoms for every three particles coming from oxygen atoms. b The compound made up of a crystal with one particle coming from a barium atom for every two particles coming from chlorine atoms. c The compound made up of molecules with 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms. d The compound made up of molecules with three hydrogen atoms, one phosphorus atom, and four oxygen atoms.