What is the distinction between the two classes of Topoisomerases (Topo-I and Topo-II). Write the schematic mechanism (as shown in the slides) for the two types of Topoisomerases that accounts for this distinction?  Which class of Topoisomerase requires ATP and why?

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Q: List the two components of the active Telomerase holoenzyme.

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Q: Question 2 Describe how DNA polymerases achieve processivity in prokaryotes.

A: Introduction :- Prokaryotes are creatures without a nucleus or other organelles in their cells.…

Q: 51. In 1973, Cohen and Boyer created the first chimera by successfully incorporating the frog rRNA…

A: In 1973, Boyer and Cohen successfully recombined the two plasmids pSC 101 that contain gene…

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A: During cell division, DNA replication is the process by which DNA duplicates itself. In mice, DNA…

Q: what is an attenuator? (in context of a prokaryotic operon )

A: Operons are prokaryotic arrangements of multiple genes under the control of a single promoter. The…

Q: Although DNA polymerases require both a template and a primer, the following single-stranded…

A: DNA polymerases require both a template and a primer to synthesize DNA. However, some…

Q: In DNA double digestion, what does star activity mean and why should it be considered in choosing…

A: Restriction digestion refers to the process of digestion of DNA strand(s) with the help of specific…

Q: 2a) There are two different DNA polymerase enzymes, DNA Polymerase I and DNA Polymerase III, that…

A: Introduction DNA is the molecular structure that is composed of a pair of polynucleotide chains…

Q: What is transformation efficiency and how is it calculated?

A: Transformants are the cells that are able to incorporate any modified foreign or artificial DNA.…

Q: What is experiment of Thermodynamics of Small Oligomeric Duplex DNA Denaturation.

A: Double-stranded DNA is the most common kind of DNA molecule found in nature. The strands can be…

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A: Ultraviolet Radiations forms a part of electromagnetic spectrum and are categorised according to…

Q: Why can it be said that transcription of thebacteriophage T7 genome requires two enzymes?

A: T7 bacteriophage is a small phage which consists of double stranded DNA with 40 kbp nucleotide. The…

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A: Cloning is a process that allows scientists to create perfect genetic duplicates of living…

Q: 1) Provide a stepwise, arrow-pushing mechanism for the following transformation. You may use general…

A: The reaction in question involves a lysis reaction catalyzed by a lyase enzyme using the coenzyme…

Q: DNA photolyases convert the energy of light in the near-ultraviolet or visible region (300–500 nm)…

A: There are a number of repair mechanisms available in order to modify the errors that occur during…

Q: Direct repair of pyrimidine dimer formation in E. Coli can be accomplished by nucleotide excision.…

A: Escherichia coli, commonly abbreviated as E. coli, is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is…

Q: Why would replication come to a halt in the absence of topoisomerase II?

A: Two identical copies of the original DNA are produced as a result of the DNA replication process. In…

Q: What are the two main mechanisms by which cells repair doublestrandbreaks? Briefly describe each…

A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary nucleic acid sequence that contains the genetic…

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A: Selection of thi* recipients  in experiment . *medium used.*To select for such recipients, use…

Q: Can you explain what is nucleotide selectivity in polymerase

A: One of the structural elements, or building blocks, of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide. A nucleotide…

Q: Budding yeasts such as S. cerevisiae exhibit telomerase activity throughout their life cycles,…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Why is the ErbB family pathway an important pathway for researchers that target cancer therapy.…

A: Numerous human cancers are thought to be caused by aberrant activation of the ErbB family of…

Q: 6. Mutation analysis of GCK gene in patients with diabetes revealed a c.114 TàA (shown in bold and…

A: Restriction enzyme are this enzymes which can cut the DNA into fragments.

Q: nylase gene. Before the gene could be cioned for fürther work, the genome of this bacteria hould…

A: Lysis is the breaking down of the membrane of a cell and allow it to lose its contents.

Q: had indeed facilitated research in various areas of molecular biology and genetics. Yo would like to…

A: The PCR reaction begins to produce copies of the target sequence at an exponential rate.…

Q: Do bacteria require telomerase? Explain why or why not

A: No, Bacteria do not require telomerase.

Q: What is the purpose of Southern's blotting technique? Explain in detail the biochemical principle…

A: The purpose of Southern blotting technique is  to identify specific DNA from the mixture of other…

Q: Extrachromosomal DNA is critical to the antibiotic resistance found in microorganisms, how do these…

A: Extrachromosomal DNA means a DNA which is present independently of the main DNA or chromosome.…

Q: What is the difference between terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase from other polymerases?

A: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT) is a DNA polymerase that is available in youthful pre-B…

Q: PRDM9 recruits SPO11, a topoisomerase type II like protein for inducing DNA double strand breaks.…

A: *PRDM9 is a DNA binding and zinc finger protein that trimethylates histone H3K4 modification…

Q: A 2.0kb bacterial plasmid ‘BS1030’ is digested with the restriction endonuclease Sau3A; the plasmid…

A: Plasmids are small, circular, double stranded, and extrachromosomal bacterial DNA. i.e. it is…

Q: What is the purpose of the dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates in the dideoxy-sequencing reaction?

A: DNA sequencing is carried out using various methods. The majorly used method of DNA sequencing is…

Q: 28. In a transformation experiment, DNA is collected from an E. coli donor strain of genotype cys(+)…

A: There are three modes of transfer of genetic information in bacteria. They are transduction,…

Q: Why would you NOT expect a restriction endonuclease to exist that would recognize the site AAGGAA?

A: Restriction enzymes also known as restriction endonucleases are enzymes that recognize specific DNA…