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What is the direction of a current that experiences the magnetic force shown in each of the three cases, assuming the current runs perpendicular to B? B • Bout (а) (b) * Bin х х х (c)

What is the direction of a current that experiences the magnetic force shown in each of the three cases, assuming the current runs perpendicular to B? B • Bout (а) (b) * Bin х х х (c)

Inquiry into Physics
Inquiry into Physics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781337515863
Author:Ostdiek
Publisher:Ostdiek
Chapter8: Electromagnetism And Em Waves
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4C: The right-hand rule is a way to determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by moving...
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### Direction of Current Experiencing Magnetic Force **Question:** What is the direction of a current that experiences the magnetic force shown in each of the three cases, assuming the current runs perpendicular to \(\vec{B}\)? --- #### Diagrams and Analysis: 1. **Case (a):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}_{out}\) is directed out of the page (indicated by dots). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed upward (indicated by an upward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction and the field direction are given. - Using the right-hand rule, the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers in the direction of the field, and the force (palm) will point out. The current must point to the right to achieve this configuration. 2. **Case (b):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}\) is directed to the right (indicated by horizontal blue arrows). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed upward (indicated by an upward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction is given. - Using the right-hand rule, the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers in the direction of the field, and the force (palm) will point out. The current must point out of the page to achieve this configuration. 3. **Case (c):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}_{in}\) is directed into the page (indicated by crosses). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed to the left (indicated by a leftward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction is given. - Using the right-hand rule, if the thumb points in the direction of the current to satisfy this configuration, it would point downwards to the left, and the force points in the middle. --- By using the right-hand rule for magnetic forces, wherein the thumb points in the direction of the conventional current, the fingers point in the direction of the magnetic
Transcribed Image Text:### Direction of Current Experiencing Magnetic Force **Question:** What is the direction of a current that experiences the magnetic force shown in each of the three cases, assuming the current runs perpendicular to \(\vec{B}\)? --- #### Diagrams and Analysis: 1. **Case (a):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}_{out}\) is directed out of the page (indicated by dots). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed upward (indicated by an upward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction and the field direction are given. - Using the right-hand rule, the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers in the direction of the field, and the force (palm) will point out. The current must point to the right to achieve this configuration. 2. **Case (b):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}\) is directed to the right (indicated by horizontal blue arrows). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed upward (indicated by an upward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction is given. - Using the right-hand rule, the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers in the direction of the field, and the force (palm) will point out. The current must point out of the page to achieve this configuration. 3. **Case (c):** - **Diagram Description:** - A magnetic field \(\vec{B}_{in}\) is directed into the page (indicated by crosses). - The magnetic force \(\vec{F}\) is directed to the left (indicated by a leftward red arrow). - **Explanation:** - The magnetic field is perpendicular to the current. The force direction is given. - Using the right-hand rule, if the thumb points in the direction of the current to satisfy this configuration, it would point downwards to the left, and the force points in the middle. --- By using the right-hand rule for magnetic forces, wherein the thumb points in the direction of the conventional current, the fingers point in the direction of the magnetic
### Understanding the Direction of Current in Relation to Magnetic Force In physics, understanding the interaction between electric current and magnetic fields is essential. The diagrams shown below illustrate three different scenarios where a current experiences a magnetic force. Let's analyze each case assuming the current runs perpendicular to the magnetic field. #### Diagram Descriptions and Analysis **Diagram (a)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Out of the page (indicated by the dots, symbolizing the tip of arrows pointing towards the observer) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Upwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** To understand the direction of the current, use the right-hand rule. Point your thumb in the direction of the current, your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field (\(\vec{B}\)), and your palm will face the direction of the force. Thus, for an upwards force and an out-of-the-page magnetic field, the current direction is towards the right of the page. **Diagram (b)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Rightward (indicated by the blue arrows) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Upwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** Applying the right-hand rule again: for an upwards force direction and a rightward magnetic field, the current direction is out of the page. **Diagram (c)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Into the page (indicated by the crosses, symbolizing the tail of arrows pointing away from the observer) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Leftwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** Using the right-hand rule: for a leftwards force and an into-the-page magnetic field, the current direction is upwards. #### Conclusion Using the right-hand rule, we can determine the direction of current in each scenario assuming the force and magnetic field directions are known and the current runs perpendicular to the magnetic field. Understanding this interaction is crucial in various applications like electric motors, generators, and transformers.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Direction of Current in Relation to Magnetic Force In physics, understanding the interaction between electric current and magnetic fields is essential. The diagrams shown below illustrate three different scenarios where a current experiences a magnetic force. Let's analyze each case assuming the current runs perpendicular to the magnetic field. #### Diagram Descriptions and Analysis **Diagram (a)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Out of the page (indicated by the dots, symbolizing the tip of arrows pointing towards the observer) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Upwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** To understand the direction of the current, use the right-hand rule. Point your thumb in the direction of the current, your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field (\(\vec{B}\)), and your palm will face the direction of the force. Thus, for an upwards force and an out-of-the-page magnetic field, the current direction is towards the right of the page. **Diagram (b)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Rightward (indicated by the blue arrows) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Upwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** Applying the right-hand rule again: for an upwards force direction and a rightward magnetic field, the current direction is out of the page. **Diagram (c)** - **Magnetic Field Direction (\(\vec{B}\)):** Into the page (indicated by the crosses, symbolizing the tail of arrows pointing away from the observer) - **Magnetic Force (\(\vec{F}\)) Direction:** Leftwards (shown by the red arrow) - **Current Direction:** Using the right-hand rule: for a leftwards force and an into-the-page magnetic field, the current direction is upwards. #### Conclusion Using the right-hand rule, we can determine the direction of current in each scenario assuming the force and magnetic field directions are known and the current runs perpendicular to the magnetic field. Understanding this interaction is crucial in various applications like electric motors, generators, and transformers.
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