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What do these data say about the requirements for v-SNARES and t-SNARES in the fusion of vacuolar vesicles? Does it matter which kind of SNARE is on which vesicle? t-SNARES. The SN are indicated as v Nichols et al, Natur Macmillan Publishe Please note the two questions in the last paragraph of this are rhetorical (not meant to be answered directly). This is a true/false question: v-SNARES interact weakly with each other. True O False

What do these data say about the requirements for v-SNARES and t-SNARES in the fusion of vacuolar vesicles? Does it matter which kind of SNARE is on which vesicle? t-SNARES. The SN are indicated as v Nichols et al, Natur Macmillan Publishe Please note the two questions in the last paragraph of this are rhetorical (not meant to be answered directly). This is a true/false question: v-SNARES interact weakly with each other. True O False

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Text Transcription:** When yeast undergo mating, vesicles derived from the mother cell's vacuole move into the bud where they fuse with one another to form a new vacuole. These vesicles carry both v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. Are both types of SNAREs essential for this homotypic fusion event? To test this point, you have developed an ingenious assay for fusion of vacuolar vesicles. You prepare vesicles from two different mutant strains of yeast: strain B has a defective gene for vacuolar alkaline phosphatase (Pase); strain A is defective for the protease that converts the precursor of alkaline phosphatase (pro-Pase) into its active form (Pase) (Figure Q13-2A). Neither strain has active alkaline phosphatase, but when extracts of the strains are mixed, vesicle fusion generates active alkaline phosphatase, which can be easily measured (Figure Q13-2). Now you delete the genes for the vacuolar v-SNARE, t-SNARE, or both in each of the two yeast strains. You prepare vacuolar vesicles from each and test them for their ability to fuse, as measured by the alkaline phosphatase assay (Figure Q13-2B). What do these data say about the requirements for v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs in the fusion of vacuolar vesicles? Does it matter which kind of SNARE is on which vesicle? Please note the two questions in the last paragraph of this are rhetorical (not meant to be answered directly). This is a true/false question: v-SNAREs interact weakly with each other. ○ True ○ False --- **Diagram Explanation:** **Figure Q13-2: SNARE requirements for vesicle fusion** - **A**: Scheme for measuring the fusion of vacuolar vesicles. - **B**: A bar graph showing the results of fusions of vesicles with different combinations of v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. The SNAREs present on the vesicles of the two strains are indicated as v (v-SNARE) and t (t-SNARE). **Description of Graphs:** The bar graph illustrates the alkaline phosphatase activity (percentage of maximum) achieved using different SNARE combinations across various experiments. - The x-axis labels indicate different combinations
Transcribed Image Text:**Text Transcription:** When yeast undergo mating, vesicles derived from the mother cell's vacuole move into the bud where they fuse with one another to form a new vacuole. These vesicles carry both v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. Are both types of SNAREs essential for this homotypic fusion event? To test this point, you have developed an ingenious assay for fusion of vacuolar vesicles. You prepare vesicles from two different mutant strains of yeast: strain B has a defective gene for vacuolar alkaline phosphatase (Pase); strain A is defective for the protease that converts the precursor of alkaline phosphatase (pro-Pase) into its active form (Pase) (Figure Q13-2A). Neither strain has active alkaline phosphatase, but when extracts of the strains are mixed, vesicle fusion generates active alkaline phosphatase, which can be easily measured (Figure Q13-2). Now you delete the genes for the vacuolar v-SNARE, t-SNARE, or both in each of the two yeast strains. You prepare vacuolar vesicles from each and test them for their ability to fuse, as measured by the alkaline phosphatase assay (Figure Q13-2B). What do these data say about the requirements for v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs in the fusion of vacuolar vesicles? Does it matter which kind of SNARE is on which vesicle? Please note the two questions in the last paragraph of this are rhetorical (not meant to be answered directly). This is a true/false question: v-SNAREs interact weakly with each other. ○ True ○ False --- **Diagram Explanation:** **Figure Q13-2: SNARE requirements for vesicle fusion** - **A**: Scheme for measuring the fusion of vacuolar vesicles. - **B**: A bar graph showing the results of fusions of vesicles with different combinations of v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. The SNAREs present on the vesicles of the two strains are indicated as v (v-SNARE) and t (t-SNARE). **Description of Graphs:** The bar graph illustrates the alkaline phosphatase activity (percentage of maximum) achieved using different SNARE combinations across various experiments. - The x-axis labels indicate different combinations
### SNARE-Mediated Membrane Fusion in Yeast Cells **Text Explanation:** SNAREs function as complementary partners promoting membrane fusion between specific vesicles and their target membranes. A vesicle with a particular v-SNARE variant will fuse exclusively with a membrane hosting the complementary t-SNARE. Although rare, homotypic fusions of identical membranes occur, such as when a budding yeast cell's vesicles (from the mother cell’s vacuole) fuse to form a new vacuole. **Research Focus:** This study investigates whether both v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs are essential for homotypic fusion in yeast cells. Vesicles from strains A and B of yeast are analyzed. Strain A lacks the protease needed to convert the pro-form of alkaline phosphatase (pro-Pase) into its active form (Pase), while strain B has this protease. **Diagram Explanation (A):** - **Strain A and Strain B Vesicles:** Strain A vesicles contain pro-Pase and v-SNARE, while strain B vesicles contain protease and t-SNARE. - **Docking and Fusion:** The diagram illustrates the docking of vesicles from both strains, followed by their fusion. This fusion results in the conversion of pro-Pase into active Pase. **Graph Analysis (B):** - The graph to the right shows a bar chart depicting levels of alkaline phosphatase activity as a percentage of maximum potential. - It demonstrates varying levels of fusion efficiency and enzymatic activity, suggesting the critical roles of SNAREs in the fusion process. This research provides insight into the essential components required for vesicle fusion in yeast cells and encourages further exploration of SNARE functions in cellular processes.
Transcribed Image Text:### SNARE-Mediated Membrane Fusion in Yeast Cells **Text Explanation:** SNAREs function as complementary partners promoting membrane fusion between specific vesicles and their target membranes. A vesicle with a particular v-SNARE variant will fuse exclusively with a membrane hosting the complementary t-SNARE. Although rare, homotypic fusions of identical membranes occur, such as when a budding yeast cell's vesicles (from the mother cell’s vacuole) fuse to form a new vacuole. **Research Focus:** This study investigates whether both v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs are essential for homotypic fusion in yeast cells. Vesicles from strains A and B of yeast are analyzed. Strain A lacks the protease needed to convert the pro-form of alkaline phosphatase (pro-Pase) into its active form (Pase), while strain B has this protease. **Diagram Explanation (A):** - **Strain A and Strain B Vesicles:** Strain A vesicles contain pro-Pase and v-SNARE, while strain B vesicles contain protease and t-SNARE. - **Docking and Fusion:** The diagram illustrates the docking of vesicles from both strains, followed by their fusion. This fusion results in the conversion of pro-Pase into active Pase. **Graph Analysis (B):** - The graph to the right shows a bar chart depicting levels of alkaline phosphatase activity as a percentage of maximum potential. - It demonstrates varying levels of fusion efficiency and enzymatic activity, suggesting the critical roles of SNAREs in the fusion process. This research provides insight into the essential components required for vesicle fusion in yeast cells and encourages further exploration of SNARE functions in cellular processes.
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