What are the approximate numbers of participants needed for each of the following planned studies to have​ 80% power, assuming equal numbers in the two groups and all using the 0.05 significance​ level? (Be sure to give the total number of participants​ needed, not just the number needed for each​ group.)   Expected Means     Study M1 M2 Expected SPooled Tails ​(a) 106.0 122.4 82.0 1 ​(b) 42.7 17.1 32.0 2 ​(c) 10.0 8.8 2.4 1 ​(d) 477.0 502.0 50.0 2 Approximate Number of Participants Needed in Each Group (Assuming Equal Sample Sizes) for 80% Power for the t Test for Independent Means, Testing Hypotheses at the 0.05 Significance Level   Effect Size   Small​ (0.20) Medium​ (0.50) Large​ (0.80) ​One-tailed 310 50 20 ​Two-tailed 393 64 26

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What are the approximate numbers of participants needed for each of the following planned studies to have​ 80% power, assuming equal numbers in the two groups and all using the 0.05 significance​ level? (Be sure to give the total number of participants​ needed, not just the number needed for each​ group.)

 
Expected Means
 
 
Study
M1
M2
Expected SPooled
Tails
​(a)
106.0
122.4
82.0
1
​(b)
42.7
17.1
32.0
2
​(c)
10.0
8.8
2.4
1
​(d)
477.0
502.0
50.0
2

Approximate Number of Participants Needed in Each Group (Assuming Equal Sample Sizes) for 80% Power for the t Test for Independent Means, Testing Hypotheses at the 0.05 Significance Level

 
Effect Size
 
Small​ (0.20)
Medium​ (0.50)
Large​ (0.80)
​One-tailed
310
50
20
​Two-tailed
393
64
26
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