Whales and sharks both have dorsal fins which keep them stable while swimming through the water. This feature is very similar in both groups, despite them being only distantly related. The feature evolved independently in both groups. This is an example of a/an:     Analagous structure     Parallel evolution     Homologous structure     Preadaptation

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.