Below are six faces. Each face represents a species. Seven characters are listed in the table, along with an ancestral and a derived character state for each character. Please identify the derived characters and complete a character matrix for these species that includes only the derived characters. Species 6 is the outgroup in this problem, so assume that it possesses only ancestral characters. ('E Character Neck size Jaw shape Eyebrows Ears 2 Eyes Tail Nose 3 Character States Big neck, small neck Round jaw, pointy jaw Angled brow, rounded brow Human ears, cat ears Square eyes, round eyes Tail, no tail Small nose, large nose 4 C 5 6 6

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Primate evolution

Primates are a relatively new species and first appeared in the fossil record nearly 55 million years ago. They may have originated as far back as the cretaceous period. Their fossils were observed in North America, Asia, and Europe. Long before the first monkeys and their prosimian relatives developed, most animal species thrived and died. The first primates did not exist until about 50-55 million years ago, even though the planet is 4.54 billion years old and the first life goes back at least 3.5 billion years. Dinosaurs had been extinct for 10 to 15 million years when this happened.