We use the form = a + bx for the least-squares line. In some computer printouts, the least-squares equation is not given directly. Instead, the value of the constant a is given, and the coefficient b of the explanatory or predictor variable is displayed. Sometimes a is referred to as the constant, and sometimes
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
We use the form = a + bx for the least-squares line. In some computer printouts, the least-squares equation is not given directly. Instead, the value of the constant a is given, and the coefficient b of the explanatory or predictor variable is displayed. Sometimes a is referred to as the constant, and sometimes as the intercept. Data from Climatology Report No. 77-3 of the Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, showed the following relationship between elevation (in thousands of feet) and average number of frost-free days per year in Colorado locations.
| Predictor | Coef | SE Coef | T | P |
| Constant | 319.59 | 28.31 | 11.24 | 0.002 |
| Elevation | -31.650 | 3.511 | -8.79 | 0.003 |
| S = 11.8603 | R-Sq = 96.8% |
Notice that "Elevation" is listed under "Predictor." This means that elevation is the explanatory variable x. Its coefficient is the slope b. "Constant" refers to a in the equation = a + bx.
| = | + x |
(b) For each 1000-foot increase in elevation, how many fewer frost-free days are predicted? (Use 3 decimal places.)
(c) The printout gives the value of the coefficient of determination r2. What is the value of r? Be sure to give the correct sign for r based on the sign of b. (Use 3 decimal places.)
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