We have seen that monetizing the benefits of environmental improvements is difficult. Consequently, some researchers have argued that policymakers themselves should determine the goals of environmental policies in terms of how much pollution abatement is necessary, and then market-based environmental policy tools should be used to achieve such goals in a cost-effective manner. Examples of such market-based tools include all of the following except ____.    A. Pollution Taxes  B. Abatment Subsidies C. Command and Control Policies

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