Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Earth Science
wahoga Community College Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College Nitrification.-Aerobic microbial process that converts soil ammonium N to nitrate that is ava or plant use, or to nitrite, NO, and N2O if pH, EC, or oxygen levels impair a erobic activity. Porosity.-Ratio of pore volume to total soil volume. Porosity is affected by soil texture, com and pore distribution. Higher porosity means that there is more pore space, allowing for highe available water capacity of the soil and more soil biological activity. Compaction decreases pe Respiration.-Release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from a soil as a result of decomposition of Sc soil microbes and from plant roots and soil fauna. It can be measured by simple methods or m sophisticated laboratory methods. Soil microbes. Soil organisms such as bacteria fu

wahoga Community College Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College Nitrification.-Aerobic microbial process that converts soil ammonium N to nitrate that is ava or plant use, or to nitrite, NO, and N2O if pH, EC, or oxygen levels impair a erobic activity. Porosity.-Ratio of pore volume to total soil volume. Porosity is affected by soil texture, com and pore distribution. Higher porosity means that there is more pore space, allowing for highe available water capacity of the soil and more soil biological activity. Compaction decreases pe Respiration.-Release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from a soil as a result of decomposition of Sc soil microbes and from plant roots and soil fauna. It can be measured by simple methods or m sophisticated laboratory methods. Soil microbes. Soil organisms such as bacteria fu

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
Read the question and use the following info to answer the question
wahoga Community College Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College Nitrification.-Aerobic microbial process that converts soil ammonium N to nitrate that is available or plant use, or to nitrite, NO, and N2O if pH, EC, or oxygen levels impair aerobic activity. Porosity.-Ratio of pore volume to total soil volume. Porosity is affected by soil texture, compaction, and pore distribution. Higher porosity means that there is more pore space, allowing for higher available water capacity of the soil and more soil biological activity. Compaction decreases porosity. Respiration.-Release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from a soil as a result of decomposition of SOM by soil microbes and from plant roots and soil fauna. It can be measured by simple methods or more sophisticated laboratory methods. Soil microbes.-Soil organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and algae, which are responsible for soil respiration and many other important soil processes, such as nutrient cycling. The number of soil organisms in a heaping tablespoon of fertile soil can be more than 9 billion, or 1.5 times the human population on earth. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 10. View the figure which shows the relationship between %water-filled pore space and relative soil respiration (Fig. 2 on the second page of the portion on Soil Respiration description, following). What generalization can you make regarding the optimum soil water conditions for biological activity? 19 Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switch the Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.
Transcribed Image Text:wahoga Community College Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College Nitrification.-Aerobic microbial process that converts soil ammonium N to nitrate that is available or plant use, or to nitrite, NO, and N2O if pH, EC, or oxygen levels impair aerobic activity. Porosity.-Ratio of pore volume to total soil volume. Porosity is affected by soil texture, compaction, and pore distribution. Higher porosity means that there is more pore space, allowing for higher available water capacity of the soil and more soil biological activity. Compaction decreases porosity. Respiration.-Release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from a soil as a result of decomposition of SOM by soil microbes and from plant roots and soil fauna. It can be measured by simple methods or more sophisticated laboratory methods. Soil microbes.-Soil organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and algae, which are responsible for soil respiration and many other important soil processes, such as nutrient cycling. The number of soil organisms in a heaping tablespoon of fertile soil can be more than 9 billion, or 1.5 times the human population on earth. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 10. View the figure which shows the relationship between %water-filled pore space and relative soil respiration (Fig. 2 on the second page of the portion on Soil Respiration description, following). What generalization can you make regarding the optimum soil water conditions for biological activity? 19 Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switch the Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.
Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES-ESCI 103L-Cuyahoga Community College Soils that support grass vegetation (prairie) commonly have at least twice as much organic matter as hose that support forest vegetation. Both the top growth and roots of grass vegetation dies Wcontinually each growing season, adding organic matter to the upper part of the soil. Soils that support forest vegetation commonly have relatively low organic matter content as a result of the following: 1. Trees produce a much smaller root mass per acre than do grasses. 2. Trees do not die back and decompose annually. Much of the organic matter in a forest is tied up in the wood of the trees and thus is not returned to the soil. Figure 2 is a general map of the soil organic matter distribution across the United States. The darker the area, the higher the organic matter content. MC dolrw 10 anoidonul lioe yo not she adviqqua insintu srit ni MOB to epeinecte Ligure 2.-Soil organic matter content (from the SSURGO database [USDA, NRCS]). sien (S. to yleneb a to abrung 8.0 oof ton Soil Organic Matter Management Under a given set of site conditions, SOM generally is highest in areas where soil disturbance is minimized, biomass production is higher, and organic material is added to the soil. Plant residue that has a low C:N ratio (high nitrogen content) insig 10. decomposes more quickly than residue with a high C:N ratio, and it does not increase the content of SOM as quickly. Excessive tillage destroys soil aggregates, increasing the rate of decomposition of SOM. Stable soil aggregates have a higher content of active organic matter with less rapid microbial decomposition. Measures that increase soil moisture and temperature and optimize aeration accelerate the decomposition of SOM. Management practices can either degrade or increase SOM. Some key practices that can help to ring increase or maintain the content of SOM are: Using cropping systems that incorporate continuous no-till, cover crops, solid manure or other organic material, and diverse rotations that include high-residue crops and perennial legumes or grasses. • Minimizing or eliminating tillage that results in microbial activity, increasing the rate of organic matter decomposition and the risk of erosion. 15 Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switch the Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.
Transcribed Image Text:Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES-ESCI 103L-Cuyahoga Community College Soils that support grass vegetation (prairie) commonly have at least twice as much organic matter as hose that support forest vegetation. Both the top growth and roots of grass vegetation dies Wcontinually each growing season, adding organic matter to the upper part of the soil. Soils that support forest vegetation commonly have relatively low organic matter content as a result of the following: 1. Trees produce a much smaller root mass per acre than do grasses. 2. Trees do not die back and decompose annually. Much of the organic matter in a forest is tied up in the wood of the trees and thus is not returned to the soil. Figure 2 is a general map of the soil organic matter distribution across the United States. The darker the area, the higher the organic matter content. MC dolrw 10 anoidonul lioe yo not she adviqqua insintu srit ni MOB to epeinecte Ligure 2.-Soil organic matter content (from the SSURGO database [USDA, NRCS]). sien (S. to yleneb a to abrung 8.0 oof ton Soil Organic Matter Management Under a given set of site conditions, SOM generally is highest in areas where soil disturbance is minimized, biomass production is higher, and organic material is added to the soil. Plant residue that has a low C:N ratio (high nitrogen content) insig 10. decomposes more quickly than residue with a high C:N ratio, and it does not increase the content of SOM as quickly. Excessive tillage destroys soil aggregates, increasing the rate of decomposition of SOM. Stable soil aggregates have a higher content of active organic matter with less rapid microbial decomposition. Measures that increase soil moisture and temperature and optimize aeration accelerate the decomposition of SOM. Management practices can either degrade or increase SOM. Some key practices that can help to ring increase or maintain the content of SOM are: Using cropping systems that incorporate continuous no-till, cover crops, solid manure or other organic material, and diverse rotations that include high-residue crops and perennial legumes or grasses. • Minimizing or eliminating tillage that results in microbial activity, increasing the rate of organic matter decomposition and the risk of erosion. 15 Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switch the Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science …
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science …
Earth Science
ISBN:
9780134746241
Author:
Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:
PEARSON
Exercises for Weather & Climate (9th Edition)
Exercises for Weather & Climate (9th Edition)
Earth Science
ISBN:
9780134041360
Author:
Greg Carbone
Publisher:
PEARSON
Environmental Science
Environmental Science
Earth Science
ISBN:
9781260153125
Author:
William P Cunningham Prof., Mary Ann Cunningham Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Earth Science (15th Edition)
Earth Science (15th Edition)
Earth Science
ISBN:
9780134543536
Author:
Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:
PEARSON
Environmental Science (MindTap Course List)
Environmental Science (MindTap Course List)
Earth Science
ISBN:
9781337569613
Author:
G. Tyler Miller, Scott Spoolman
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Physical Geology
Physical Geology
Earth Science
ISBN:
9781259916823
Author:
Plummer, Charles C., CARLSON, Diane H., Hammersley, Lisa
Publisher:
Mcgraw-hill Education,
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS