вх H КОН (catalytic) EtOH 78°C

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Aldol Condensation Reaction

#### Reaction Overview

This image represents an example of an aldol condensation reaction. The reactants shown are:

1. **Benzaldehyde** (C₆H₅CHO) - the structure features an aldehyde group (CHO) attached to a benzene ring.

2. **3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone** - a ketone with a tertiary butyl group ((CH₃)₃C-) and a methyl group (CH₃) attached to a carbonyl carbon (C=O).

#### Reaction Conditions and Catalyst

- The reaction is catalyzed by **KOH (potassium hydroxide)** in a catalytic amount, suggesting a basic environment.
- The solvent used is **ethanol (EtOH)**.
- The reaction temperature is maintained at **78°C**.

The arrow indicates the direction of the reaction under these conditions, leading to the formation of a product typical of aldol condensation reactions. This type of reaction involves the formation of a β-hydroxy ketone or aldehyde, followed by dehydration to yield an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound.

This process is significant in organic synthesis for forming carbon-carbon bonds, enabling the construction of complex molecular architectures.
Transcribed Image Text:### Aldol Condensation Reaction #### Reaction Overview This image represents an example of an aldol condensation reaction. The reactants shown are: 1. **Benzaldehyde** (C₆H₅CHO) - the structure features an aldehyde group (CHO) attached to a benzene ring. 2. **3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone** - a ketone with a tertiary butyl group ((CH₃)₃C-) and a methyl group (CH₃) attached to a carbonyl carbon (C=O). #### Reaction Conditions and Catalyst - The reaction is catalyzed by **KOH (potassium hydroxide)** in a catalytic amount, suggesting a basic environment. - The solvent used is **ethanol (EtOH)**. - The reaction temperature is maintained at **78°C**. The arrow indicates the direction of the reaction under these conditions, leading to the formation of a product typical of aldol condensation reactions. This type of reaction involves the formation of a β-hydroxy ketone or aldehyde, followed by dehydration to yield an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound. This process is significant in organic synthesis for forming carbon-carbon bonds, enabling the construction of complex molecular architectures.
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