Using the reagents listed in the table below, show how to bring out the following transformations: (Specify the reagents you would use to carry out the conversion by using letters from the table. A step may require more than one reagent, if so, write the letters in the order that they are used, e.g., ef. If two or more ways of conversion to the same product are possible, show only one of them.) Reagents available e. NaNH, i. H₂ / Ni j. Na/ NH3 (liq) k. Cl₂ h. H₂, Lindlar catalystl. BHs then CH3COOH a. Br₂ b. H₂O, H₂SO4, HgSO4 f. CH3 CH₂ I c. 3 NaNH, then HgO g. HBr d. HC1 The reagents are (in order of use) for step A: for step B:
Reactions of Alkyl and Aryl halides
In organic chemistry, an alkyl halide is formed when an atom of hydrogen is switched by a halogen in a hydrocarbon or aliphatic compound. An aryl halide is formed when an atom of hydrogen is substituted by a halogen atom in an aromatic compound. Metals react with aryl halides and alkyl halides and they also go through nucleophilic substitution reactions and elimination reactions.
Zaitsev's Rule in Organic Chemistry
Alexander Zaitsev (also pronounced as Saytzeff), in 1875, prepared a rule to help predict the result of elimination reactions which stated, "The favored product in dehydrohalogenation reactions is that alkene that has the majority of alkyl groups attached to the double-bonded carbon atoms."
Tosylate
Tosylates are important functional groups in organic chemistry, mainly because of two important properties which they possess:
Alkyl Halides
A functional group is a collection of several atoms or bonds with certain characteristic chemical properties and reactions associated with it. There is a presence of a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I; it represents any halogen atom), as a functional group in alkyl halides. Therefore, it can be said that alkanes that contain a halogen compound are called alkyl halides.
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