Using just a periodic table (not a table of electronegativities), decide which of these is likely to be the most polar bond. 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 5 6 7 8 9 artially Correct оооо BCNO с 13 14 15 16 17 Al Si P S CI NOF 31 32 33 34 35 Ga Ge As Se Br 49 50 51 52 53 In Sn Sb Te I OP-O Si-O N-O S-O 82 83 84 85 1 Pb Bi Po At
Types of Chemical Bonds
The attractive force which has the ability of holding various constituent elements like atoms, ions, molecules, etc. together in different chemical species is termed as a chemical bond. Chemical compounds are dependent on the strength of chemical bonds between its constituents. Stronger the chemical bond, more will be the stability in the chemical compounds. Hence, it can be said that bonding defines the stability of chemical compounds.
Polarizability In Organic Chemistry
Polarizability refers to the ability of an atom/molecule to distort the electron cloud of neighboring species towards itself and the process of distortion of electron cloud is known as polarization.
Coordinate Covalent Bonds
A coordinate covalent bond is also known as a dative bond, which is a type of covalent bond. It is formed between two atoms, where the two electrons required to form the bond come from the same atom resulting in a semi-polar bond. The study of coordinate covalent bond or dative bond is important to know about the special type of bonding that leads to different properties. Since covalent compounds are non-polar whereas coordinate bonds results always in polar compounds due to charge separation.
![**Exercise: Determining the Most Polar Bond Using the Periodic Table**
Use the periodic table provided (not a table of electronegativities) to decide which of the following bonds is likely to be the most polar:
- P−O (Phosphorus-Oxygen)
- Si−O (Silicon-Oxygen)
- N−O (Nitrogen-Oxygen)
- S−O (Sulfur-Oxygen)
**Periodic Table Section Guide:**
This section of the periodic table focuses on Groups 3A to 7A across Periods 2 to 6.
- **Group Labels:**
- 3A (Boron Group)
- 4A (Carbon Group)
- 5A (Nitrogen Group)
- 6A (Oxygen Group)
- 7A (Halogens)
- **Elements Included:**
- 2nd Period: B (Boron), C (Carbon), N (Nitrogen), O (Oxygen), F (Fluorine)
- 3rd Period: Al (Aluminum), Si (Silicon), P (Phosphorus), S (Sulfur), Cl (Chlorine)
- 4th Period: Ga (Gallium), Ge (Germanium), As (Arsenic), Se (Selenium), Br (Bromine)
- 5th Period: In (Indium), Sn (Tin), Sb (Antimony), Te (Tellurium), I (Iodine)
- 6th Period: Pb (Lead), Bi (Bismuth), Po (Polonium), At (Astatine)
**Choosing the Most Polar Bond:**
Polarity in bonds arises from differences in electronegativity between two atoms. The greater the difference, the more polar the bond. Oxygen (O) is more electronegative than the other elements listed.
Evaluate the difference in periods (across) and groups (down):
- **Phosphorus (P) vs. Oxygen (O)**:
Positioned right next to each other in the same period.
- **Silicon (Si) vs. Oxygen (O)**:
Positioned two groups apart in the same period.
- **Nitrogen (N) vs. Oxygen (O)**:
Adjacent elements in the same period.
- **Sulfur (S) vs. Oxygen (O)**:](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9a2edb2f-7c78-40b5-b7fe-b2ef3d716529%2Fdd5bf811-d926-4cd3-b052-8999967d99ae%2Ftv0g95e_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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