Use the octet rule to determine which is a correct structure. (Only one is con A B нн нн Н-с—ҫ—о-н Н-с—с-н —о нн H H C D H H H H H-C-C- (0-H H-C-0- C-H H H нн
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
![**Use the octet rule to determine which is a correct structure. (Only one is correct.)**
A.
H H
| |
H — C — C — O — H
| |
H H
B.
H H
| |
H — C — C — H — O
| |
H H
C.
H H
| |
H — C — C — O — H
| |
H H
D.
H H
| |
H — C — O — C — H
| |
H H
**Explanation for Educational Context:**
The diagram above presents four possible molecular structures, labeled A, B, C, and D. Each structure is made up of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) atoms. The task is to use the octet rule, which states that atoms tend to form bonds until they are surrounded by eight electrons, to identify the correct structure where each atom fulfills the octet requirement.
- **Structure A** involves the sequence of H—C—C—O—H with single bonds.
- **Structure B** has H—C—C—H—O with single bonds.
- **Structure C** mirrors Structure A.
- **Structure D** depicts H—C—O—C—H with single bonds.
For the correct structure, consider the typical bonding patterns: carbon usually forms four bonds, oxygen typically forms two bonds, and hydrogen forms one bond.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc11f26fd-cef8-49ce-a518-26ea804f3de8%2F2b49c651-e294-412d-a2fa-e76b46d8987c%2Fxqp19pg_processed.gif&w=3840&q=75)
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