Use Le Châtelier's principle and Kw in Table 6-1 to decide whether the autoprotolysis of water is endothermic or exothermic at(a) 25\deg C; (b) 100\deg C; (c) 300\deg C.
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- 5 ml of a 0.2 M NH3 solution are added to 5 ml of a 0.1 M NH4Cl solution (Kb for NH3 is = 1.8 × 10-5). Calculate: a) the pH of the resulting solution; b) the ΔpH due to the addition of 5 ml of a 0.01 M HNO3 solution to the solution resulting from part a); c) the ΔpH due to the addition of 10 ml of water to the solution resulting from part a)5. One of the key steps in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the hydration of fumarate to malate: Fumarate-² + H₂O = Malate-2 The standard reaction Gibbs free energy and enthalpy for this reactions are -880 cal/mol and 3560 cal/mol, respectively. (a) What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction (25 °C)? (b) Is the reaction favorable (spontaneous) at 25 °C? (c) What is the equilibrium constant of this reaction under physiological conditions (37 °C)? (d) Is this reaction favorable at 37 °C?The autoionization of water at 25°C can be expressed as H,0(l) → H*(aq) + ОН (ад); Кw %3D 10-14 13. Using appropriate calculations, (a) Determine if this reaction is exothermic or endothermic. (b) Show whether this reaction will occur spontaneously. (c) Using the thermodynamics of the reaction, explain how Kw will change at temperatures (1) greater than 25°C and (2) less than 25°C. Species дн? (кJ/mol) AS: (J/K-mol) AG: (kJ/mol) H2O(g) H*(aq) оН ад) -241.8 188.71 -228.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 -230.0 -10.75 -157.2 H2O(1) -237.18 -285.8 69.91 O(aq) 249.17 160.95 231.75
- The molar concentration of H3O+ ions in the following solutions was measured at 25 °C. Calculate the pH and pOH of the solution: (a) 1.5 x 10-5 mol dm-3 (a sample of rain water), (b) 1.5 mmol dm-3, (c) 5.1 x 10-14 mol dm3, (d) 5.01 x 10-5 mol dm-3 .Some H2CO3 and HCO3- are added to water such that the concentration of each is the same value, 12.0 mmol L-1 (pKa = 6.3, 10.3). The water was initially at pH 7.05 and 25.0 °C. Calculate ΔGrxn in kJ mol-1. (R = 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1)The Kw for water at 1°C is 1.0 × 10-15. Calculate the [H3O+] and [OH-] in 0.20 M HI at this temperature.
- AG = AG° + RT · In(Q) ΔΕ ΔΕ-). In(Q) Half Reaction (Note: All given as reduction) E° (V) 02 (g) + 4 H*(aq) + 4 e¯ → 2 H20 (I) 1.229 |Z2 (s) + 2 e 2z (aq) 0.426 3+ |A°™ (aq) + 3 e A (s) 0.292 2 H20 (1) + 2 e H2 (g) + 2 OH¯ (aq) - 0.828 > 2+ G (aq) + 2 e¯ → G (s) - 1.245 M2+ (aq) + 2 e → M (s) - 1.893 A student constructs a voltaic electrochemical cell with two metal electrodes [metal G and metal A] in their respective aqueous nitrate solutions [G(NO3)2 and A(NO3)3]. Use this information, as well as the reduction potentials in the table above to complete each statement below. The metal electrode A is... o not changing in mass. o increasing in mass. o decreasing in mass. Question 4 The metal solution A(NO3)3 is... o increasing in concentration. o not changing in concentration. o decreasing in concentration.R = 8.314 mol-K F = 96,485 mol AG = AG° + RT · In(Q) ΔΕ - (E) · In(Q) ΔΕ. Half Reaction (Note: All given as reduction) E° (V) 02 (g) + 4 H*(aq) + 4 e 2 H20 (1) 1.229 Z2 (s) + 2 e 3+ (aq) + 3 e 2z (aq) 0.426 A (s) 0.292 2 H20 (1) + 2 e G2+ (aq) + 2 e M²+ (aq) + 2 e¯ H2 (g) + 2 OH¯ (aq) - 0.828 G (s) - 1.245 M (s) - 1.893 A student constructs a voltaic electrochemical cell with two metal electrodes [metal G and metal A] in their respective aqueous nitrate solutions [G(NO3)2 and A(NO3)3]. Use this information, as well as the reduction potentials in the table above to complete each statement below. Consider the same cell from the above prompt. Calculate A E°. cell for this galvanic cell given the reference information given at the top of the quiz. Report your answer with 3 decimal places. You do not need to report units with your answer.The Haber process is the principal industrial route for converting nitrogen into ammonia: N21g2 + 3 H21g2 ¡ 2 NH31g2Calculate the standard emf of the Haber process at room temperature
- An aqueous solution of an unknown salt of molybdenum is electrolyzed by a current of 2.50 A passing for 51.0 min. If 1.268 g Mo is produced at the cathode, what is the charge on the molybdenum ions in solution? (Enter your answer using the format +1 and -2.)The ionization constant of lactic acid, CH,CH(OH)CO,H, an acid found in the blood after strenuous exercise, is 1.36 x 10-4. What is the concentration of hydronium ion in the solution of 0.102 M lactic acid? CH;CH(OH)CO,H (aq) + H,O (1) → H;O• (aq) + CH;CH(OH)CO, (aq) O 0.00372 M O 0.0165 M O 0.00549 M O 0.227 MAt 298 K, AG° = +20.9 kJ/mol for the reaction CH;CO,H (aq) = H"(aq) + CH;CO, Calculate AG for this reaction if the [H"]= 3.19 x 10³, [CH;CO,]= 7.67 x 10, and [ CH;CO,H] = 7.47 x 10-5.