Answered: Uric acid is a waste product used by…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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1 Uric acid is a waste product used by birds and insects because: a. It is very light. b. It is metabolically cheap to produce. c. It does not require a kidney for its production. d. It makes a coloured pigment for the bird or insect. e. It can easily be converted into useful products like feathers. 2 The nephridia of an earthworm differs from the human nephron in that the nephridia: a. Has no reabsorption of salts. b. Has no reabsorption of water. c. Does not filter the blood. d. Selectively pumps ammonia into the nephridia. e. Is excreting ammonia instead of urea. 3 Oxygen dissociation in your blood: a. Is the release of oxygen to the tissues. b. Occurs in the lungs. c. Is the ionisation of oxygen in water (blood plasma). d. Is controlled by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. e. Allows oxygen to attach to the haemoglobin. 4 Veins require valves, while arteries do not, because: a. The veins keep branching and the valves control which branch is open. b. Veins have blood that is deoxygenated and so sticky. c. The venous blood pressure is very low. d. The blood in the veins can move in either direction controlled by the valves. e. The valves are responsible for moving the blood along the vein. 5 In the nephron, reabsorption of glucose is completed by the end of: a. Proximal convoluted tubule. b. Thin ascending loop of Henle. c. Distal convoluted tubule. d. Thick ascending loop of Henle. e. Descending loop of Henle. 6 In a bird, down feathers have the function of: a. They control the shape of the tail for balance. b. They give the colour patterns of the bird. c. They can rapidly change the wing shape during flight. d. They insulate the hot body. e. They are especially strong feathers stiffening the wing. 7 The nephridia of an earthworm excretes urea because: a. The urea is used to alter the osmotic pressure of the earthworm. b. Urea is completely non-toxic. c. Ammonium cannot diffuse out through the skin. d. Worms cannot produce the enzymes needed to produce uric acid. e. Urea does not result in any water loss. 8 In the nephron, podocytes have the function of: a. They reabsorb glucose. b. They create a very high blood pressure. c. Transporting urea into the kidney. d. They form an ultrafilter to exclude large molecules. e. They reabsorb salts. 9 The veins of the legs move blood back up to the heart by: a. Blood is sucked upwards during respiration. b. Blood is pulled up by capillary action. c. They are unusual in having a thick layer of smooth muscle. d. They rely on the pulse from the heart. e. They rely on osmotic pressure changes in the venous blood. 10 The duodenum cells secrete: a. Fatty acids. b. Bicarbonates. c. Amylase. d. Trypsin. e. Hormones.

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