34. What happens to the rate of RBC production in a patient on dialysis with total renal failure? What could be given to the patient to counteract such a problem?
34. What happens to the rate of RBC production in a patient on dialysis with total renal failure? What could be given to the patient to counteract such a problem?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
34. What happens to the rate of RBC production in a patient on dialysis with total renal failure? What could be given to the patient to counteract such a problem?
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(Hint: You might want to check Table 9.2 on p. 356 for help with this one.)
Transcribed Image Text:356
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Table 9.2 Hormones Produced by Organs Other Than the Major Endocrine Organs
Stimulus for
secretion
Chemical
Target organ/Effects
Have many targets but act locally at site
of release. Examples of effects include
the following: increase blood pressure
by acting as vasoconstrictors, cause
constriction of respiratory passageways,
stimulate muscle of the uterus, promoting
menstrual pain and labor, enhance blood
clotting; promote inflammation and pain
increase output of digestive secretions by
stomach; cause fever
Stomach: stimulates glands to release
hydrochloric acid (HCI).
Stomach: stimulates gastric glands and
motility.
Hormone
composition
Source
Plasma membranes Various (local
of virtually all body irritation,
hormones,
etc.)
Prostaglandins
(PGs), several
Derived from
fatty acid
molecules
groups indicated
by letters AH
(PGA-PGI)
cells
Gastrin
Peptide
Stomach
Food
Intestinal gastrin
Peptide
Duodenum (first
Food,
segment) of small
intestine
especially fats
Pancreas: stimulates release of
bicarbonate-rich juice.
Secretin
Peptide
Duodenum
Food
Liver: increases release of bile.
Stomach: reduces secretions and motility
Pancreas: stimulates release of enzyme-
rich juice.
Gallbladder: stimulates expulsion of
stored bile.
Duodenal papilla (entry point at the
small intestine): causes sphincter to rela
allowing bile and pancreatic juice to ent
duodenum.
Cholecystokinin
Peptide
Duodenum
Food
(CCK)
Erythropoietin
Glycoprotein
Hypoxia (low
oxygen level)
Kidney
Bone marrow: stimulates production of
red blood cells.
Active vitamin D,
Steroid
Kidney (activates
provitamin D made
by epidermal cells)
PTH
Intestine: stimulates active transport of
dietary calcium ions across intestinal cel
membranes.
Atrial natriuretic
Peptide
Heart
Stretching of
atria (receiving and renin release.
chambers) of
Kidney: inhibits sodium ion reabsorption
peptide (ANP)
Adrenal cortex: inhibits secretion of
aldosterone, thereby decreasing blood
volume and blood pressure.
heart
Leptin
Peptide
Adipose tissue
Fatty foods
Brain: suppresses appetite and increases
energy expenditure.
Resistin
Peptide
Adipose tissue
Unknown
Fat, muscle, liver: antagonizes insulin's
action on liver cells.
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