uppose a 1 MiB L1 cache has an access time of 1 clock cycle, the 16 MiB L2 has an access time of 4 clock cycles, and the 8 GiB DRAM has an average access time of 40 clock cycles. 80% of memory reads are satisfied by the L1 cache. Only 10% have to go to main memory.   (a) What is the AMAT following a miss on L1? (b) What is the AMAT for memory overa

Q: Compute Average Memory Access Time (AMAT) for a system that consists of a 2- level cache design.…

A: Given:   L1 cache access time = 1 cycle L2 cache access time = 5 cycle memory access time = 20 cycle…

Q: B- 1. A computer has L1 and L2 caches and main memory. Access to the L1 cache takes 10 nanoseconds…

A: Here in this question we have given L1 cache acces time = 10ns L2 cache access time = 50 ns. Main…

Q: Suppose a computer using direct mapped cache has 4M byte of byte-addressable main memory, and a…

A: Computer memory is a device that stores data and allows us to retrieve it when needed. Primary…

Q: Consider a two-level memory system (i.e., cache and main memory). Assume the cache access time is 3…

A: The answer is

Q: Assume the cache miss penalty is 100 clock cycles and all instructions normally take 1.0 clock…

A: The Answer is

Q: Let's pretend for a moment that we have a byte-addressable computer with 16-bit main memory…

A: The hierarchy of virtual memory in current computer systems is a sophisticated network of caches and…

Q: Consider a direct-mapped cache with 2 sets and 4 bytes per block and a 5-bit address (S=2, B=4) ●…

A: Given, Address length = 5 bits Number of sets = 2 Number of blocks in a direct mapped cache is…

Q: Below is a list of memory address references: 0x03, 0xb3, 0x03, 0x03, 0xbf, 0xcf, 0xbe, 0x0e, 0x05,…

A: In computer structure and reminiscence control, cache plays an important role in enhancing a…

Q: Assume a byte-addressable computer uses 2-way set associative mapping to provide access to 32 cache…

A: The Structure of Virtual Memory : Caches and random access memory make up the majority of the…

Q: If memory read cycle takes 100 ns and a cache read cycle takes 20 ns, then for four continuous…

A: Memory Read cycle : 100nsCache Read cycle : 20ns Four continuous reference is done - one reference…

Q: Suppose we have the following parameters on a two level cache system (L1 is closer to CPU). L1…

A: To determine the CPI (Cycles Per Instruction) due to the cache system, we first need to determine…

Q: Suppose you have a processor with a base CPI 1.0, assuming all references hit in the primary cache…

A: a) What is the effective CPI?b) What will be the effective CPI if we add a new cache (L3) that has…

Q: Assume you have a 8-way set associative cache having 16K lines each having capacity of 8 Bytes. A…

A: A.  Block size = 8 bytes So # of data bytes brought= size of block = 8

Q: TLB LRU MEM LRU 5 A 5 A B 3 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 OSA B D E F 9 C 0 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1. Show the breakdown of…

A: Page faults occur in a virtual memory system when a requested page, referenced by a virtual address,…

Q: Suppose that the processor has access to three levels of cache memory. Level 1 has an access time of…

A: Given :   Suppose that the processor has access to three levels of cache memory. Level 1 has an…

Q: Consider a hypothetical memory access time: 1 memory bus clock cycle to send an address

A: Answer:   The bandwidth attainable from parallelizing the DRAM initialization time would be 8 words…

Fundamentals of memory

A collection of connected storage devices form the memory unit. It is a space to store data and instructions required for processing. Information is stored in a memory unit in the form of bits. There are two types of memory namely: