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Under what circumstances would the slope of the best-fitted line in Figure decrease:

Under what circumstances would the slope of the best-fitted line in Figure decrease:

Astronomy
Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Chapter25: The Milky Way Galaxy
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 18E: Assume that the Sun orbits the center of the Galaxy at a speed of 220 km/s and a distance of 26,000...
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### Question: Under what circumstances would the slope of the best-fitted line in Figure 1 decrease: ### Answer Choices: 1. ○ Distance becomes systematically underestimated 2. ○ Distance becomes systematically overestimated 3. ○ Velocity becomes systematically overestimated 4. ○ Velocity becomes systematically underestimated 5. ○ Both a and c are correct 6. ○ Both b and d are correct
Transcribed Image Text:### Question: Under what circumstances would the slope of the best-fitted line in Figure 1 decrease: ### Answer Choices: 1. ○ Distance becomes systematically underestimated 2. ○ Distance becomes systematically overestimated 3. ○ Velocity becomes systematically overestimated 4. ○ Velocity becomes systematically underestimated 5. ○ Both a and c are correct 6. ○ Both b and d are correct
**Based on Figure 1 below, which galaxies are moving away from us the fastest?** This figure is a scatter plot illustrating the relationship between the distance of galaxies from us and their velocity, demonstrating how quickly they are moving away from us. The x-axis represents the distance in megaparsecs (Mpc), ranging from 0 to 30 Mpc. The y-axis represents the velocity in kilometers per second (km/sec), ranging from -500 km/sec to 2000 km/sec. Each black dot on the plot corresponds to a galaxy, with its position determined by its distance and velocity. The error bars of each dot represent uncertainties in these measurements. A positive velocity indicates the galaxy is moving away from us, illustrating the redshift phenomenon typical in an expanding universe. The linear trend line drawn through the data points shows a positive correlation between distance and velocity, consistent with Hubble's Law — the farther a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away. From this figure, the galaxies that are farthest from us (towards 30 Mpc on the x-axis) are also those with the highest velocities (up to 2000 km/sec on the y-axis). Therefore, based on the figure, the galaxies that are moving away from us the fastest are the ones that are the farthest from us.
Transcribed Image Text:**Based on Figure 1 below, which galaxies are moving away from us the fastest?** This figure is a scatter plot illustrating the relationship between the distance of galaxies from us and their velocity, demonstrating how quickly they are moving away from us. The x-axis represents the distance in megaparsecs (Mpc), ranging from 0 to 30 Mpc. The y-axis represents the velocity in kilometers per second (km/sec), ranging from -500 km/sec to 2000 km/sec. Each black dot on the plot corresponds to a galaxy, with its position determined by its distance and velocity. The error bars of each dot represent uncertainties in these measurements. A positive velocity indicates the galaxy is moving away from us, illustrating the redshift phenomenon typical in an expanding universe. The linear trend line drawn through the data points shows a positive correlation between distance and velocity, consistent with Hubble's Law — the farther a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away. From this figure, the galaxies that are farthest from us (towards 30 Mpc on the x-axis) are also those with the highest velocities (up to 2000 km/sec on the y-axis). Therefore, based on the figure, the galaxies that are moving away from us the fastest are the ones that are the farthest from us.
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