Under anoxic conditions, biological denitrification of waste water by activated sludge results in theconversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas. Sludge is microorganisms, and these microorganisms carry outthis reaction, this is a biological reaction. When acetic acid provides the carbon source, the reactioncan be represented as follows:5CH3COOH + 8NO3 → 4N2+ 10CO2 + 6H20 + 8HOAcetic acidNitratea) Is the stoichiometric equation balanced? write down the number of atoms of each species on leftside and also on the right side of this equation.b) In the absence of side reactions, what is the yield of nitrogen from acetic acid in g g1?c) A certain waste water contains 6.0 mM acetic acid and 7mM NaNO3. If 25% of the acetic acid and15% of the nitrate (NO3) are consumed in other reactions (e.g, for growth of the microorganisms inthe sludge), which is the limiting substrate in the denitrification reaction?d) For the situation described in part c), what mass of gaseous nitrogen (N2) in grams is producedfrom treatment of 5000 liters of waste water if the reaction is allowed to proceed until the limitingsubstrate is exhausted? What is the extent of reaction § under these conditions?

(a) The equation is stochimetrically balanced. The number of atoms of an element on left side is…

Answered: Under anoxic conditions, biological…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Match the following characteristics to either (a) autotrophsor (b) chemoheterotrophs:Many microorganisms in this group are infectious.Many microorganisms in this group can carry out pho-tosynthesis.Members of this group usually do not cause disease.Members of this group carry out the same metabolicprocesses as humans.Members of this group break down organic compoundsto obtain energy.Members of this group synthesize organic compoundsto store energy.
Abacteria isolated from Yellowstone National Park is found to use the chemical methane as a food source. Which term best describes the energy source for this organism? OChemotroph OPhototroph OHeterotroph OAutotroph
With H2 as electron donor, why is reduction of Fe3+ a morefavorable reaction than reduction of fumarate?
The major pathway of ammonium assimilation combines two reactions in organisms with rich nitrogen enviroments. Write balanced equation of these two reactions with eznyme names.
With appropriate chemical structures, explain the mechanism (mode-of-action) of fluoroacetate poisoning? Example: Step 1: Fluoroacetate is converted to Product “A”. This reaction is catalyzed by Enzyme __________________________ Structures of fluoroacetate and the product “A”. Name of Enzyme. Step 2: Product “A” from Step 1 is converted to Product “B.” Catalyzed by enzyme 2. Structure of Product B and name of Enzyme 2. etc.
A microorganism is grown in a fermenter under steady-state conditions. The microorganism growth follows Monod kinetics and the following stoichiometric equation: C3H6O3 +a O2 +b NH3 → c biomass + d CO2 + e H₂O Given that the biomass yield is 0.415 grams of biomass per gram of substrate, determine the respiratory quotient.
The N excess/deficit factor for 100 kg of an organic material that contained 60% C (carbon) and 0.5% N (nitrogen) would likely be (assuming that 35% of the carbon is metabolized by microorganisms and the carbon and nitrogen are assimilated in a 10:1 ratio). -3.85 kg (deficit, N immobilization) -1.05 kg (deficit, N immobilization) -2.50 kg (deficit, N immobilization) -1.60 kg (deficit, N immobilization) -2.15 kg (deficit, N immobilization)
Write a balanced reaction describing the biological oxidation of organic matter (use a formula for the organic matter of CH2O) to carbon dioxide by denitrifying bacteria (use nitrate reduction to nitrogen gas as the electron accepting process). How many grams of nitrate are needed for the complete oxidation of 1 gram of organic matter according to your balanced reaction above?
Extremophiles are microorganisms that can survive and proliferate in extreme environments. One group of such microorganisms are lithotrophs. These are found deep beneath the Earth's surface, living on rocks under anaerobic conditions and surviving on CO2 as their sole source of carbon. Imagine that you are studying a newly discovered lithotroph and are trying to determine what it uses as a source of electrons for reducing CO2 and for producing energy. Which one of the following conditions must be met for a molecule to serve as a useful electron donor? Oxidation of the molecule occurs with a decrease in free energy. Oxidation of the molecule occurs with an increase in free energy. Reduction of the molecule occurs with a decrease in free energy. O Reduction of the molecule occurs with an increase in free energy.
TERMS BOX Endothermic Exothermic Catabolic Terms that describe this reaction Spontaneous Terms that describe this reaction Anabolic AG = positive Non-Spontaneous For each reaction below USE FIVE TERMS from the box above that describe the reaction AG = negative Produces Energy Uses Energy 6 CO₂ + H₂O → C6H12O6 + O₂
1) If we put a photosynthetic organism in a closed, sealed environment and shine a light on it, we observe that the CO2 and O2 levels in the container reach constant levels. a) Explain why this would occur. b) What factor/value would you expect to be the primary determinant of this value?
Consider the reaction below. Where would the labelled carbon (represented by the asterisk * in the reactant) end up in the product? CH₂OPO3² NADP+ 44 * OH OH OH as CO2 C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 NADPH CO₂ 1 CH₂OH 2 3 :0 CHOH 4 CHOH 5 CH₂OPO3²-

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