Umdloti Ltd, which manufactures liquid hand soap, commenced operations on 01 November 2021. Standard production for a typical month is expected to be 160 000 bottles. During November 2021 the company manufactured 170 000 bottles of hand soap. On 30 November 2021 there were 46 000 bottles of hand soap in inventory. Manufacturing and commercial costs during November 2021 were as follows: Direct materials Direct labour Variable manufacturing overheads Variable marketing costs Fixed administration costs Fixed manufacturing overheads R212 500 R680 000 R37 400 R135 160 R84 320 R113 900 The hand soap was sold at R12 per bottle during November 2021. During December 2021, Umdloti Ltd decided to increase the selling price by 10% because the fixed manufacturing costs increased by R27 100 and the variable marketing costs increased by R0.11 per unit sold with effect from 01 December 2021. The company manufactured 150 000 bottles of hand soap during December 2021. There were 27 000 bottles of hand soap in inventory on 31 December 2021. Umdloti Ltd uses the FIFO method of inventory valuation. All other factors remain unchanged.
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Umdloti Ltd, which manufactures liquid hand soap, commenced operations on 01 November 2021. Standard production for a typical month is expected to be 160 000 bottles. During November 2021 the company manufactured 170 000 bottles of hand soap. On 30 November 2021 there were 46 000 bottles of hand soap in inventory. Manufacturing and commercial costs during November 2021 were as follows:
Direct materials
Direct labour
Variable manufacturing
Fixed administration costs
Fixed manufacturing overheads
R212 500 R680 000 R37 400 R135 160 R84 320 R113 900
The hand soap was sold at R12 per bottle during November 2021. During December 2021, Umdloti Ltd decided to increase the selling price by 10% because the fixed
All other factors remain unchanged.
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